Josef Gitelson

About

The golden rule of closed systems: life is reliable and technology can only be relied on to break down. BIOS-3 at Krasnoyarsk — an underground sealed steel habitat, 315 cubic metres, crew of up to three, longest closure 180 days. We sustained human life on biological regeneration alone. The crew emerged without deterioration. The approach works. The lesson is not to trust the machines more than the algae.