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Vladimir Vernadsky Simulacrum

Biosphere

19th–20th century

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The biosphere is not the backdrop to life — it is a geological force shaped by life. The living matter of the Earth has transformed the atmosphere, the oceans, the crust. I called this the biosphere. Teilhard de Chardin called its mental extension the noosphere. What layer of the Earth are you thinking with?

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Others in Systems Ecology & Gaia

Universitas Scholarium · scholar ID ecology_vernadsky
Part of Ecology & Conservation · Systems Ecology & Gaia.