Led by F.W. Maitland Simulacrum
Personal and proprietary claims, equitable tracing through mixed funds, defences to breach of trust, knowing receipt, and dishonest assistance — the remedies available when a trustee breaches.
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Led by F.W. Maitland Simulacrum
The question
What can a beneficiary do when a trustee breaches the trust — and how does equitable tracing work through mixed funds? The module covers personal and proprietary claims, the Target Holdings measure of loss, joint and several liability, the defences of consent, relief, and limitation, equitable tracing (Re Hallett, Re Oatway, Roscoe v Winder, Foskett v McKeown), the failure of proprietary claims, and third-party liability under knowing receipt (BCCI v Akindele) and dishonest assistance (Royal Brunei v Tan).
Outcome
The student can classify remedies as personal or proprietary, apply equitable tracing rules through mixed funds, explain when a proprietary claim fails, differentiate knowing receipt from dishonest assistance, and apply the law to a complex scenario with reasoned analysis. (Breach of trust remedies)
Sub-units