Lesson 86

Part A (Interleaved English and Latin Text)

86.1 Homō human being sapiens wise esse to be dēbet ought

86.2 Bonus good homō human being omnēs all amat loves

86.3 Hic this homō human being in in templō temple ōrat prays

86.4 Sapientēs wise hominēs human beings Deum God laudant praise

86.5 Omnis every homō human being errāre to err potest is able

86.6 Fīlius son hominis of human being in in caelum heaven ascendit ascends

86.7 Multī many hominēs human beings ad to ecclesiam church veniunt come

86.8 Verbum word hominis of human being parvī little valōris of value est is

86.9 Magister teacher hominēs human beings docet teaches fīdem faith

86.10 Amōrem love hominibus to human beings monstrāmus we show

86.11 Per through hominēs human beings bonōs good Deus God operātur works

86.12 Pater father hominem human being ad to cēnam dinner vocat calls

86.13 Ab from homine human being malō evil fugiunt flee omnēs all

86.14 Deus God hominēs human beings crēāvit created perfectōs perfect

86.15 Inter among hominēs human beings pax peace esse to be dēbet ought

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Part B (Complete Natural Sentences)

86.1 Homō sapiens esse dēbet. A human being ought to be wise.

86.2 Bonus homō omnēs amat. A good person loves everyone.

86.3 Hic homō in templō ōrat. This person prays in the temple.

86.4 Sapientēs hominēs Deum laudant. Wise people praise God.

86.5 Omnis homō errāre potest. Every human being can err.

86.6 Fīlius hominis in caelum ascendit. The Son of Man ascends to heaven.

86.7 Multī hominēs ad ecclesiam veniunt. Many people come to church.

86.8 Verbum hominis parvī valōris est. The word of a human being is of little value.

86.9 Magister hominēs docet fīdem. The teacher teaches people faith.

86.10 Amōrem hominibus monstrāmus. We show love to people.

86.11 Per hominēs bonōs Deus operātur. God works through good people.

86.12 Pater hominem ad cēnam vocat. The father calls a person to dinner.

86.13 Ab homine malō fugiunt omnēs. Everyone flees from an evil person.

86.14 Deus hominēs crēāvit perfectōs. God created humans perfect.

86.15 Inter hominēs pax esse dēbet. There ought to be peace among people.

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Part C (Latin Text Only)

86.1 Homō sapiens esse dēbet.

86.2 Bonus homō omnēs amat.

86.3 Hic homō in templō ōrat.

86.4 Sapientēs hominēs Deum laudant.

86.5 Omnis homō errāre potest.

86.6 Fīlius hominis in caelum ascendit.

86.7 Multī hominēs ad ecclesiam veniunt.

86.8 Verbum hominis parvī valōris est.

86.9 Magister hominēs docet fīdem.

86.10 Amōrem hominibus monstrāmus.

86.11 Per hominēs bonōs Deus operātur.

86.12 Pater hominem ad cēnam vocat.

86.13 Ab homine malō fugiunt omnēs.

86.14 Deus hominēs crēāvit perfectōs.

86.15 Inter hominēs pax esse dēbet.

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Part D (Grammar Explanation)

For English speakers learning Latin, homō represents an important third declension noun with these key features: -

Declension Pattern: Singular: -

Nominative: homō -

Genitive: hominis -

Dative: hominī -

Accusative: hominem -

Ablative: homine

Plural: -

Nominative: hominēs -

Genitive: hominum -

Dative: hominibus -

Accusative: hominēs -

Ablative: hominibus -

Key Uses: -

Subject: homō sapiens est -

Direct object: Deus hominem amat -

Indirect object: hominibus grātiam dat -

With prepositions: ab homine, per hominem -

In religious contexts: Fīlius hominis -

Important Patterns: -

Often modified by adjectives: bonus homō -

Common in abstract statements: omnis homō -

Frequent in Christian texts: homō novus

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Part E (Cultural Context)

For English speakers, understanding homō requires cultural context: -

Christian Usage: -

Fīlius hominis (Son of Man) - key title for Jesus -

homō novus (new man) - Christian concept -

Important in discussions of human nature -

Medieval Philosophy: -

Used in defining human nature -

Key term in theological debates -

Central to discussions of free will -

Social Implications: -

Distinction from vir (male human) -

Universal human nature -

Moral implications -

Modern Relevance: -

Root of "human" and related words -

Scientific term Homo sapiens -

Used in philosophical discourse

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Part F (Literary Citation)

From Augustine's "Confessions" (I.1):

Part F-A (Interleaved Text)

Part F-A (Interleaved Text)

Magnus great es, you are, Domine, O Lord, et and laudābilis praiseworthy valdē: greatly: magna great virtūs strength tua your et and sapientiae of wisdom tuae your nōn not est is numerus. number. Et And laudāre to praise tē you vult wishes homō, man, aliqua some portiō portion creātūrae of creation tuae. your.

Part F-B (Complete Translation)

"Magnus es, Domine, et laudābilis valdē: magna virtūs tua et sapientiae tuae nōn est numerus. Et laudāre tē vult homō, aliqua portiō creātūrae tuae."

Great are you, O Lord, and greatly to be praised: great is your power and of your wisdom there is no measure. And man desires to praise you, some portion of your creation.

Part F-C (Literary Analysis)

Augustine uses homō here to emphasize: -

Human's place in creation -

Relationship between Creator and created -

Universal human desire to praise God -

Limits of human understanding

Part F-D (Grammatical Notes)

-

homō as subject of vult -

Balanced structure with et -

Use of vocative Domine -

Complex sentence structure -

Abstract concepts with concrete nouns

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Genre Section: Theological Treatise

Part A (Interleaved Text)

86.16 Omnis every homō human being ad to Deī of God imāginem image creātus created est is

86.17 Hominēs human beings per through grātiam grace Deī of God salvārī to be saved possunt are able

86.18 Angelī angels hominēs human beings ad to bonum good dūcunt lead

86.19 Hominis of human being anima soul immortālis immortal est is

86.20 Fīlius son hominis of man prō for peccātīs sins mortuus dead est is

86.21 Homō human being post after mortem death iūdicābitur will be judged

86.22 Sapientēs wise hominēs human beings viam way vēritātis of truth sequuntur follow

86.23 Misericordia mercy Deī of God hominēs human beings salvat saves

86.24 Hominibus to human beings bonae good voluntātis of will pax peace data given est is

86.25 Per through hominem human being mors death, per through hominem human being vīta life

86.26 Homō human being sine without grātiā grace nihil nothing potest is able

86.27 Omnēs all hominēs human beings ad to sanctitātem holiness vocātī called sunt are

86.28 Inter among hominēs human beings Christus Christ habitāvit dwelt

86.29 Homō human being interior inner renovātur is renewed dē from diē day in into diem day

86.30 Nōn not in in sōlō alone pāne bread vīvit lives homō human being

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Part B (Complete Natural Sentences)

86.16 Omnis homō ad Deī imāginem creātus est. Every human being is created in God's image.

86.17 Hominēs per grātiam Deī salvārī possunt. Human beings can be saved through God's grace.

86.18 Angelī hominēs ad bonum dūcunt. Angels lead humans to good.

86.19 Hominis anima immortālis est. The soul of a human being is immortal.

86.20 Fīlius hominis prō peccātīs mortuus est. The Son of Man died for sins.

86.21 Homō post mortem iūdicābitur. A human being will be judged after death.

86.22 Sapientēs hominēs viam vēritātis sequuntur. Wise people follow the way of truth.

86.23 Misericordia Deī hominēs salvat. God's mercy saves human beings.

86.24 Hominibus bonae voluntātis pax data est. Peace is given to people of good will.

86.25 Per hominem mors, per hominem vīta. Through man came death, through man came life.

86.26 Homō sine grātiā nihil potest. Man can do nothing without grace.

86.27 Omnēs hominēs ad sanctitātem vocātī sunt. All people are called to holiness.

86.28 Inter hominēs Christus habitāvit. Christ dwelt among men.

86.29 Homō interior renovātur dē diē in diem. The inner man is renewed day by day.

86.30 Nōn in sōlō pāne vīvit homō. Man does not live by bread alone.

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Part C (Latin Text Only) (continued)

86.16 Omnis homō ad Deī imāginem creātus est.

86.17 Hominēs per grātiam Deī salvārī possunt.

86.18 Angelī hominēs ad bonum dūcunt.

86.19 Hominis anima immortālis est.

86.20 Fīlius hominis prō peccātīs mortuus est.

86.21 Homō post mortem iūdicābitur.

86.22 Sapientēs hominēs viam vēritātis sequuntur.

86.23 Misericordia Deī hominēs salvat.

86.24 Hominibus bonae voluntātis pax data est.

86.25 Per hominem mors, per hominem vīta.

86.26 Homō sine grātiā nihil potest.

86.27 Omnēs hominēs ad sanctitātem vocātī sunt.

86.28 Inter hominēs Christus habitāvit.

86.29 Homō interior renovātur dē diē in diem.

86.30 Nōn in sōlō pāne vīvit homō.

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Part D (Grammar Explanation for Genre Section)

For English speakers studying theological Latin texts, understanding how homō functions in theological contexts requires attention to several special features: -

Biblical References: -

Fīlius hominis (Son of Man) - fixed phrase, always in genitive -

homō novus (new man) - nominative with adjective -

homō interior (inner man) - spiritual concept -

Common Theological Constructions: -

With Universal Statements: -

omnis homō (every person) -

omnēs hominēs (all people) -

With Abstract Concepts: -

homō spirituālis (spiritual person) -

homō carnālis (carnal person) -

Case Usage in Theological Context: -

Nominative for statements of nature: -

homō mortālis est -

Dative for recipients of grace: -

hominibus data est grātia -

Ablative with prepositions: -

in homine, per hominem -

Genitive in titles and attributes: -

Fīlius hominis, glōria hominis -

Special Theological Vocabulary: -

homō vetus (old man) vs. homō novus (new man) -

homō interior (inner man) vs. homō exterior (outer man) -

homō spirituālis (spiritual man) -

homō perfectus (perfect man) -

Verb Combinations in Theological Latin: -

homō renovātur (man is renewed) -

homō sanctificātur (man is sanctified) -

homō salvātur (man is saved) -

homō iūstificātur (man is justified) -

Word Order in Theological Texts: -

Initial position for emphasis -

Final position for contrast -

Paired constructions (e.g., per hominem... per hominem) -

Common Prepositions with homō: -

ad with accusative (purpose) -

per with accusative (agency) -

in with ablative (state) -

cum with ablative (accompaniment) -

Theological Formulas: -

Fixed expressions -

Biblical quotations -

Liturgical phrases -

Doctrinal statements

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