← Uhambo Lwethu Lokufunda ISingisi
"Make" is a verb. Its forms are make, makes, making and made. It has two main jobs in English.
First, "make" means to produce something new, something that was not there before: "make bread", "make tea", "make a plan". Here isiZulu uses -enza: Ngenza isinkwa (I make bread), Sizokwenza uhlelo (We will make a plan).
Second, "make" means to cause: to cause a person to feel something or to do something. "The music makes me happy." "Don't make me laugh." Here isiZulu usually needs no separate word at all. It adds the causative suffix -isa to the verb:
- -jabula (be happy) → -jabulisa (make happy): Umculo uyangijabulisa (The music makes me happy) - -hleka (laugh) → -hlekisa (make laugh): Ungangihlekisi! (Don't make me laugh!) - -fudumala (be warm) → -fudumeza (make warm)
English does this work with the separate word "make", placed before the person: make + person + word. Learn this pattern once and it fits every verb.
The great difficulty for isiZulu speakers is that -enza means both "make" and "do". English keeps them apart, and each takes its own nouns:
- make: make bread, make a mistake, make noise, make a plan, make tea - do: do homework, do the dishes, do work, do your best
What does "make" mean in isiZulu? To make something is -enza (ukwenza). To make someone feel or do something is the causative -isa (-jabulisa, -hlekisa) or -enza ukuba + verb. "Made of" is -enziwe nga-: senziwe ngokhuni (made of wood).
Key Takeaways:
- The past of "make" is "made", never "maked". - With he, she and it in the present, add -s: "She makes clothes." - isiZulu -enza is two English verbs: "make" (bread, a mistake, a plan) and "do" (homework, work). - After make + person, the next verb has no "to": "The teacher made us read", never "made us to read". - "Made of" tells what a thing is made from: "This chair is made of wood."
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make /meɪk/ · makes /meɪks/ · making /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/ · made /meɪd/
The vowel /eɪ/ is a glide: start at isiZulu e and slide towards i, in one syllable: /meɪ/. Do not say a plain short "mek", which sounds like a different word.
"Make" ends in a consonant. Stop at /k/; do not add a vowel ("make-i", "meku"). In isiZulu every word ends in a vowel, so this needs practice. The final e of "make" is silent: it is written, but never said.
The English /k/ at the end is light, with a little puff of air. It is never a click like isiZulu q.
"Makes" ends in /ks/: two consonants together. "Made" ends in /d/: let the voice run into the d. Keep "made" /meɪd/ and "mate" /meɪt/ apart.
In "making" the stress is on the first syllable: MA-king /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/. The -ing ends in /ŋ/, the ng of isiZulu ngena, with no g sound after it.
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42.1 Make Yenza tea itiye
42.2 I Ng- make -enza bread isinkwa
42.3 She W- makes -enza clothes izingubo
42.4 We S- made -enze a - cake ikhekhe
42.5 Don't Unga- make -enzi noise umsindo
42.6 I Ng- made -enze a - big elikhulu mistake iphutha
42.7 My - mother Umama makes wenza tea itiye every njalo morning ekuseni
42.8 This Lesi chair sihlalo is - made senziwe of ngo- wood -khuni
42.9 We Si- will -zo- make -kwenza a - plan uhlelo tomorrow kusasa
42.10 Can -nga- you U- make -enzela me -ng- a - cup inkomishi of ye- tea -tiye
42.11 The - music Umculo makes uya-…-isa me -ngi- happy -jabul-
42.12 The - teacher Uthisha made u-…-enze us -s- (that) ukuba read sifunde again siphinde
42.13 Don't Unga-…-i make -is- me -ngi- laugh -hlek-
42.14 What -ni is - bread Isinkwa made senziwa from nga-
42.15 Hard kanzima work Ukusebenza makes kwenza a - person umuntu strong abe namandla
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42.1 Make tea. Yenza itiye.
42.2 I make bread. Ngenza isinkwa.
42.3 She makes clothes. Wenza izingubo.
42.4 We made a cake. Senze ikhekhe.
42.5 Don't make noise! Ungenzi umsindo!
42.6 I made a big mistake. Ngenze iphutha elikhulu.
42.7 My mother makes tea every morning. Umama wenza itiye njalo ekuseni.
42.8 This chair is made of wood. Lesi sihlalo senziwe ngokhuni.
42.9 We will make a plan tomorrow. Sizokwenza uhlelo kusasa.
42.10 Can you make me a cup of tea? Ungangenzela inkomishi yetiye?
42.11 The music makes me happy. Umculo uyangijabulisa.
42.12 The teacher made us read again. Uthisha usenze ukuba siphinde sifunde.
42.13 Don't make me laugh! Ungangihlekisi!
42.14 What is bread made from? Isinkwa senziwa ngani?
42.15 Hard work makes a person strong. Ukusebenza kanzima kwenza umuntu abe namandla.
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42.1 Make tea.
42.2 I make bread.
42.3 She makes clothes.
42.4 We made a cake.
42.5 Don't make noise!
42.6 I made a big mistake.
42.7 My mother makes tea every morning.
42.8 This chair is made of wood.
42.9 We will make a plan tomorrow.
42.10 Can you make me a cup of tea?
42.11 The music makes me happy.
42.12 The teacher made us read again.
42.13 Don't make me laugh!
42.14 What is bread made from?
42.15 Hard work makes a person strong.
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Nansi imithetho yegama elithi "make" esiNgisini:
Izimo zesenzo:
- make (manje): "I make bread" (Ngenza isinkwa) - makes (umuntu oyedwa: he, she, it): "She makes clothes" (Wenza izingubo) - making (okuqhubekayo): "I am making tea" (Ngenza itiye manje) - made (okwedlule): "We made a cake" (Senze ikhekhe) - "Made" sisetshenziswa futhi emva kuka-"is/was" no-"have": "This chair is made of wood", "I have made tea". - "Made" asilandeli umthetho we-"-ed": sithi "made", hhayi "maked".
"Make" no-"do":
- EsiZulwini isenzo esisodwa, -enza, sisho kokubili "make" no-"do". EsiNgisini kunamagama amabili. - "Make" kusho ukwakha noma ukudala into entsha: make bread, make a cake, make a plan, make a mistake, make noise. - "Do" kusho ukwenza umsebenzi noma into ethile: do homework, do the dishes, do your best. - Kufanele ufunde ngekhanda ukuthi yiliphi igama elihamba nelinye.
"Make" esikhundleni sesijobelelo -isa:
- IsiZulu sisebenzisa isijobelelo -isa: -jabula → -jabulisa, -hleka → -hlekisa. - IsiNgisi sisebenzisa "make" + umuntu + isenzo noma igama elichazayo: "The music makes me happy" (Umculo uyangijabulisa), "Don't make me laugh" (Ungangihlekisi). - Emva kuka-"make" + umuntu, isenzo asithathi u-"to": "The teacher made us read", hhayi "made us to read".
"Made of" / "made from" / "made with" (-enziwe nga-):
- "This chair is made of wood" (Lesi sihlalo senziwe ngokhuni) - "What is bread made from?" (Isinkwa senziwa ngani?)
"Make" + umuntu + into (-enzela):
- "Can you make me a cup of tea?" kufana no-"Can you make a cup of tea for me?" (Ungangenzela inkomishi yetiye?)
Amaphutha avamile:
- "I maked a cake." Sithi "I made a cake." - "She make bread." Sithi "She makes bread." - "I made my homework." Sithi "I did my homework." - "I did a mistake." Sithi "I made a mistake." - "The teacher made us to read." Sithi "The teacher made us read."
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Ukwamukela izivakashi:
- AbaNgisi bathi "Make yourself at home" lapho isivakashi singena endlini. IsiZulu singathi "Zizwe usekhaya." - "Shall I make some tea?" ngumbuzo ovamile kakhulu eNgilandi naseNingizimu Afrika lapho kufika isivakashi.
Ezisho zesiNgisi:
- "Make up your mind" kusho ukuthatha isinqumo. - "Make friends" kusho ukuthola abangane abasha. - "Make money" kusho ukuthola imali ngomsebenzi. - "We made it!" kusho ukuthi siphumelele, noma sifike ngesikhathi.
Ezitolo:
- Ezintweni eziningi kubhalwe ukuthi "Made in South Africa" noma "Made in China". Lokhu kusho ukuthi into yenziwe kulelo zwe.
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And - God UNkulunkulu said wathi, Let Ma- us -s- make -enze man abantu in nga- our wethu image -mfanekiso, after ba- our -si- likeness -fuze (Genesis 1:26, King James Version)
And - God UNkulunkulu saw wabona every konke thing - that a- he - had - made -kwenzileyo, and - behold bheka, it kwaku- was - very kakhulu good -hle (Genesis 1:31, King James Version)
"And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness." (Genesis 1:26, KJV)
"And God saw every thing that he had made, and, behold, it was very good." (Genesis 1:31, KJV)
"UNkulunkulu wathi: Masenze abantu ngomfanekiso wethu, basifuze." (UGenesise 1:26, IBhayibheli Elingcwele, 1959)
"UNkulunkulu wabona konke akwenzileyo; bheka, kwakukuhle kakhulu." (UGenesise 1:31, IBhayibheli Elingcwele, 1959)
Kuleli khasi lokuqala leBhayibheli isenzo "make" sivela kabili. Ku-1:26 uNkulunkulu uthi "Let us make man": "make" lapha kusho ukudala into entsha, engekho ngaphambili. Ku-1:31 uNkulunkulu ubona "every thing that he had made", konke akwenzileyo. IsiZulu sisebenzisa isenzo esisodwa, -enza, kuzo zombili izindawo, njengoba nesiNgisi sisebenzisa u-"make" kuzo zombili.
- "Let us make" (namuhla: "Let's make") kufana nesiZulu "Masenze": kuphakanyiswa into esizoyenza sonke. - "Man" lapha kusho abantu bonke; isiZulu sithi "abantu". - "Had made" ("had" + "made") yisikhathi esedlule ngaphambi kwesinye isikhathi esedlule: wabona konke ayesekwenzile. - "Thing that he had made": isiNgisi sisebenzisa "that", isiZulu sisebenzisa isivumelwano sobudlelwano a- egameni elilodwa: "akwenzileyo".
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42.16 On Ngo- Saturday -Mgqibelo, Lindiwe uLindiwe made wenza bread isinkwa with no- her wakhe grandmother -gogo
42.17 First Okokuqala we s- make -enza the - dough inhlama, said kusho Gogo uGogo
42.18 Gogo Gogo, how kanjani do - you w- make -enza dough inhlama, asked kubuza Lindiwe uLindiwe
42.19 We Si- make -enza it -y- with ngo- flour -fulawa, water amanzi and ne- yeast -mvubelo
42.20 Gogo UGogo made wabasa a - fire umlilo in e- the - stove -sitofini
42.21 Don't Unga-…-i make -is- the - table itafula dirty -ngcol-, Gogo uGogo said kusho, laughing ehleka
42.22 Why Kungani do - you w- make -enza bread isinkwa every njalo week ngesonto, asked kubuza Lindiwe uLindiwe
42.23 Because Ngoba bread isinkwa makes si-…-isa the - family umndeni happy -jabul-, Gogo uGogo answered kuphendula
42.24 The - hot esishisayo stove Isitofu made sa-…-eza the - kitchen ikhishi warm -fudum-
42.25 Lindiwe ULindiwe made wenzela tea itiye for - Gogo uGogo
42.26 This Lesi bread sinkwa is - made senziwe with nga- love -thando, said kusho Gogo uGogo
42.27 Did - I Ng- make -enze a - mistake iphutha, asked kubuza Lindiwe uLindiwe
42.28 No Cha, you u- made -enze it -s- very kakhulu well kahle
42.29 Next elizayo week Ngesonto you u- will -zo- make -enza it -s- alone wedwa
42.30 One Ngelinye day ilanga I ngi- too nami will -zo- make -enzela bread isinkwa for - you -kw-, Gogo Gogo
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42.16 On Saturday, Lindiwe made bread with her grandmother. NgoMgqibelo, uLindiwe wenza isinkwa nogogo wakhe.
42.17 "First we make the dough," said Gogo. "Okokuqala senza inhlama," kusho uGogo.
42.18 "Gogo, how do you make dough?" asked Lindiwe. "Gogo, wenza kanjani inhlama?" kubuza uLindiwe.
42.19 "We make it with flour, water and yeast." "Siyenza ngofulawa, amanzi nemvubelo."
42.20 Gogo made a fire in the stove. UGogo wabasa umlilo esitofini.
42.21 "Don't make the table dirty!" Gogo said, laughing. "Ungalingcolisi itafula!" kusho uGogo ehleka.
42.22 "Why do you make bread every week?" asked Lindiwe. "Kungani wenza isinkwa njalo ngesonto?" kubuza uLindiwe.
42.23 "Because bread makes the family happy," Gogo answered. "Ngoba isinkwa sijabulisa umndeni," kuphendula uGogo.
42.24 The hot stove made the kitchen warm. Isitofu esishisayo safudumeza ikhishi.
42.25 Lindiwe made tea for Gogo. ULindiwe wenzela uGogo itiye.
42.26 "This bread is made with love," said Gogo. "Lesi sinkwa senziwe ngothando," kusho uGogo.
42.27 "Did I make a mistake?" asked Lindiwe. "Ngenze iphutha yini?" kubuza uLindiwe.
42.28 "No, you made it very well!" "Cha, usenze kahle kakhulu!"
42.29 "Next week you will make it alone." "Ngesonto elizayo uzosenza wedwa."
42.30 "One day I too will make bread for you, Gogo!" "Ngelinye ilanga nami ngizokwenzela isinkwa, Gogo!"
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42.16 On Saturday, Lindiwe made bread with her grandmother.
42.17 "First we make the dough," said Gogo.
42.18 "Gogo, how do you make dough?" asked Lindiwe.
42.19 "We make it with flour, water and yeast."
42.20 Gogo made a fire in the stove.
42.21 "Don't make the table dirty!" Gogo said, laughing.
42.22 "Why do you make bread every week?" asked Lindiwe.
42.23 "Because bread makes the family happy," Gogo answered.
42.24 The hot stove made the kitchen warm.
42.25 Lindiwe made tea for Gogo.
42.26 "This bread is made with love," said Gogo.
42.27 "Did I make a mistake?" asked Lindiwe.
42.28 "No, you made it very well!"
42.29 "Next week you will make it alone."
42.30 "One day I too will make bread for you, Gogo!"
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Kule ndaba "make" lisetshenziswe ngezindlela ezine, kanye nemibuzo:
Ukwenza into entsha (-enza):
- "Lindiwe made bread" (uLindiwe wenza isinkwa) - "First we make the dough" (Okokuqala senza inhlama) - "We make it with flour, water and yeast" (Siyenza ngofulawa, amanzi nemvubelo)
Ukwenza ukuthi kube nokuthile (-isa / -eza):
- "Don't make the table dirty" (Ungalingcolisi itafula): -ngcola → -ngcolisa - "Bread makes the family happy" (Isinkwa sijabulisa umndeni): -jabula → -jabulisa - "The hot stove made the kitchen warm" (Isitofu esishisayo safudumeza ikhishi): -fudumala → -fudumeza
Ukwenzela umuntu (-enzela):
- "Lindiwe made tea for Gogo" (uLindiwe wenzela uGogo itiye) - "I will make bread for you" (ngizokwenzela isinkwa)
"Make" lapho isiZulu singasebenzisi -enza:
- "Gogo made a fire" (uGogo wabasa umlilo). EsiNgisini sithi "make a fire"; esiZulwini sithi "basa umlilo".
Imibuzo:
- "How do you make dough?" no-"Why do you make bread?" Esikhathini samanje umbuzo usebenzisa u-"do": "do you make", hhayi "you make?" - "Did I make a mistake?" Esikhathini esedlule umbuzo usebenzisa u-"did", bese kulandela "make", hhayi "made": "Did I make", hhayi "Did I made".
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- "Make" /meɪk/ ends in a silent e. Drop that e before -ing: "making", never "makeing". - The past is "made" /meɪd/, spelled with one d and a silent e. Do not confuse it with "maid" /meɪd/ (a woman who cleans a house), which sounds the same. - Add -s for he, she and it: "makes" /meɪks/. Say both consonants at the end. - In a question with "did", the verb goes back to "make": "Did you make it?" /dɪd juː ˈmeɪk ɪt/. - Speech marks open and close what a person says: "Don't make noise!" The comma or question mark comes inside them: "Why do you make bread?" asked Lindiwe. - Names take capitals in both languages: Lindiwe, Gogo; and isiZulu keeps the capital on the name after a prefix: uLindiwe, uGogo, NgoMgqibelo.
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