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Lesson 89
89 of 100 lessons

Lesson 89

Introduction

The word "also" in French is aussi, a fundamental adverb that connects ideas and adds information in conversation and writing. For English speakers learning French, understanding "aussi" is essential for creating natural, flowing sentences.

Definition: "Aussi" is an adverb meaning "also," "too," or "as well" in English. It indicates addition or similarity, showing that something applies to another person, thing, or situation in the same way.

FAQ Schema Q: What does "also" mean in French? A: "Also" in French is "aussi" (pronounced oh-SEE). It is used to add information or show that something applies equally to another person or situation, similar to "too" or "as well" in English.

In this lesson, "aussi" will appear in various positions within sentences, demonstrating its flexibility in French syntax. You'll see it used with different verb tenses, in formal and informal contexts, and with various subjects. The examples progress from simple constructions to more complex uses, helping you build confidence in using this essential connecting word.

Educational Schema -

Course Type: Language Learning Material -

Target Language: French -

Source Language: English -

Level: Beginner to Intermediate -

Focus: Adverb Usage - "aussi" (also) -

Lesson Number: 89 -

Skills Developed: Reading comprehension, vocabulary building, grammar understanding

Key Takeaways: -

"Aussi" is the French equivalent of "also," "too," or "as well" -

It can appear in different positions within a sentence -

When used in comparisons, "aussi" means "as" (as in "as tall as") -

The pronunciation is [oh-SEE] -

Unlike English "also," French "aussi" is more flexible in its placement

Section A (Detailed English-French Interlinear Text)

89.1 Marie Marie aime loves le the chocolat chocolate et and Pierre Pierre l' it aime loves aussi also

89.2 J' I ai have étudié studied le the français French et and j' I ai have aussi also appris learned l' the espagnol Spanish

89.3 Elle She travaille works à at Paris Paris et and habite lives aussi also dans in cette this ville city

89.4 Non Not seulement only il he chante sings mais but il he danse dances aussi also

89.5 Les The enfants children veulent want des some bonbons candies et and aussi also du some gâteau cake

89.6 Tu You peux can aussi also venir come avec with nous us ce this soir evening

89.7 Le The professeur professor enseigne teaches la the grammaire grammar et and explique explains aussi also la the prononciation pronunciation

89.8 Nous We avons have visité visited le the Louvre Louvre et and nous we sommes are aussi also allés gone à to Versailles Versailles

89.9 Il He fait makes froid cold ici here et and il it pleut rains aussi also

89.10 Ma My sœur sister parle speaks anglais English couramment fluently et and elle she comprend understands aussi also l' the allemand German

89.11 Le The restaurant restaurant sert serves des some pizzas pizzas et and propose offers aussi also des some pâtes pasta

89.12 J' I aime like lire to-read et and j' I aime like aussi also écrire to-write des some histoires stories

89.13 Elle She est is médecin doctor et and aussi also professeur professor à at l' the université university

89.14 Vous You devez must étudier study et and aussi also pratiquer practice chaque each jour day

89.15 Le The film film était was long long mais but aussi also très very intéressant interesting

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Section B (Complete French Sentences with English Translation)

89.1 Marie aime le chocolat et Pierre l'aime aussi. Marie loves chocolate and Pierre loves it too.

89.2 J'ai étudié le français et j'ai aussi appris l'espagnol. I studied French and I also learned Spanish.

89.3 Elle travaille à Paris et habite aussi dans cette ville. She works in Paris and also lives in this city.

89.4 Non seulement il chante mais il danse aussi. Not only does he sing but he also dances.

89.5 Les enfants veulent des bonbons et aussi du gâteau. The children want candy and also cake.

89.6 Tu peux aussi venir avec nous ce soir. You can also come with us this evening.

89.7 Le professeur enseigne la grammaire et explique aussi la prononciation. The professor teaches grammar and also explains pronunciation.

89.8 Nous avons visité le Louvre et nous sommes aussi allés à Versailles. We visited the Louvre and we also went to Versailles.

89.9 Il fait froid ici et il pleut aussi. It's cold here and it's also raining.

89.10 Ma sœur parle anglais couramment et elle comprend aussi l'allemand. My sister speaks English fluently and she also understands German.

89.11 Le restaurant sert des pizzas et propose aussi des pâtes. The restaurant serves pizzas and also offers pasta.

89.12 J'aime lire et j'aime aussi écrire des histoires. I like to read and I also like to write stories.

89.13 Elle est médecin et aussi professeur à l'université. She is a doctor and also a professor at the university.

89.14 Vous devez étudier et aussi pratiquer chaque jour. You must study and also practice every day.

89.15 Le film était long mais aussi très intéressant. The film was long but also very interesting.

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Section C (French Text Only)

89.1 Marie aime le chocolat et Pierre l'aime aussi.

89.2 J'ai étudié le français et j'ai aussi appris l'espagnol.

89.3 Elle travaille à Paris et habite aussi dans cette ville.

89.4 Non seulement il chante mais il danse aussi.

89.5 Les enfants veulent des bonbons et aussi du gâteau.

89.6 Tu peux aussi venir avec nous ce soir.

89.7 Le professeur enseigne la grammaire et explique aussi la prononciation.

89.8 Nous avons visité le Louvre et nous sommes aussi allés à Versailles.

89.9 Il fait froid ici et il pleut aussi.

89.10 Ma sœur parle anglais couramment et elle comprend aussi l'allemand.

89.11 Le restaurant sert des pizzas et propose aussi des pâtes.

89.12 J'aime lire et j'aime aussi écrire des histoires.

89.13 Elle est médecin et aussi professeur à l'université.

89.14 Vous devez étudier et aussi pratiquer chaque jour.

89.15 Le film était long mais aussi très intéressant.

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Section D (Grammar Explanation for English Speakers)

Grammar Rules for "aussi"

The French adverb "aussi" serves multiple functions and follows specific placement rules that differ from English "also."

Primary Uses: -

Addition (also/too): The most common use, adding information -

Example: Il parle français et aussi anglais. (He speaks French and also English.) -

Comparison (as...as): Used with adjectives to show equality -

Example: Elle est aussi grande que lui. (She is as tall as him.) -

Consequence (therefore/so): Less common, mainly in formal writing -

Example: Il était malade, aussi n'est-il pas venu. (He was sick, so he didn't come.)

Position in the Sentence:

Unlike English where "also" typically comes before the main verb, French "aussi" has more flexibility: -

After the verb: Pierre l'aime aussi (Pierre loves it too) -

Between auxiliary and past participle: J'ai aussi appris (I also learned) -

Before the verb: Tu peux aussi venir (You can also come) -

At the beginning (for emphasis): Aussi devons-nous partir (So we must leave)

Common Mistakes: -

Word Order Confusion: English speakers often place "aussi" where "also" would go in English -

Incorrect: Il aussi parle français -

Correct: Il parle aussi français -

Using "aussi" with negatives: Use "non plus" instead -

Incorrect: Il ne parle pas aussi français -

Correct: Il ne parle pas français non plus (He doesn't speak French either) -

Forgetting the comparison structure: When meaning "as...as" -

Incorrect: Elle est aussi que lui -

Correct: Elle est aussi grande que lui -

Pronunciation: The 's' in "aussi" is pronounced like 's' not 'z' -

Incorrect: [oh-ZEE] -

Correct: [oh-SEE]

Step-by-Step Guide for Using "aussi":

Step 1: Identify what you're adding or comparing Step 2: Determine if the sentence is affirmative (use "aussi") or negative (use "non plus") Step 3: Place "aussi" after the conjugated verb for simple addition Step 4: For comparisons, use the structure: aussi + adjective + que Step 5: Check that your sentence flows naturally in French

Comparison with English:

English "also" vs French "aussi": -

English typically places "also" before the main verb -

French prefers "aussi" after the verb or between auxiliary and participle -

English uses "too" at the end; French can use "aussi" in multiple positions -

English "as...as" = French "aussi...que"

Summary of Forms:

Addition: subject + verb + aussi Between auxiliary and participle: auxiliary + aussi + past participle Comparison: aussi + adjective/adverb + que Formal consequence: Aussi + inversion

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Section E (Cultural Context)

Understanding "aussi" in French culture goes beyond grammar. French speakers use this word to create flowing, connected discourse that reflects the French appreciation for elegant expression.

In French conversation, "aussi" helps maintain the rhythm and musicality of the language. French speakers often use it to build upon ideas gradually, reflecting a cultural preference for nuanced communication rather than abrupt statements. This contrasts with English, where "also" might feel more mechanical or list-like.

The placement flexibility of "aussi" allows French speakers to emphasize different parts of their message. Placing it immediately after the verb creates a smooth continuation, while positioning it elsewhere can add emphasis or surprise. This flexibility is part of what makes French sound melodious to English ears.

In formal French writing, "aussi" at the beginning of a sentence with inverted word order (Aussi devons-nous...) creates an elevated register. This usage appears in literature, academic writing, and formal speeches, demonstrating the French cultural value placed on linguistic sophistication.

French children learn to use "aussi" early, often overusing it in the same way English-speaking children might overuse "and." Teachers encourage varied conjunction use, promoting the rich vocabulary that French culture values.

In business French, "aussi" helps create diplomatic language. Rather than making direct demands, French professionals might say "Il faudrait aussi considérer..." (One should also consider...), softening suggestions while maintaining clarity.

The distinction between "aussi" and "également" (equally/also) reflects French attention to linguistic precision. While both mean "also," "également" sounds more formal and balanced, often preferred in written French or formal presentations.

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Section F (Literary Citation)

From "Le Petit Prince" by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry (1943):

"Les hommes cultivent cinq mille roses dans un même jardin... et ils n'y trouvent pas ce qu'ils cherchent... Et cependant ce qu'ils cherchent pourrait être trouvé dans une seule rose ou un peu d'eau... Mais les yeux sont aveugles. Il faut chercher avec le cœur. L'essentiel est invisible pour les yeux. On ne voit bien qu'avec le cœur."

Part F-A (Interleaved Text for Beginners)

Les The hommes men cultivent cultivate aussi also des some roses roses mais but ils they cherchent seek aussi also avec with les the yeux eyes. Il One/It faut must chercher seek aussi also avec with le the cœur heart.

Part F-B (Complete Original Text with Translation)

"Les hommes cultivent cinq mille roses dans un même jardin... et ils n'y trouvent pas ce qu'ils cherchent... Et cependant ce qu'ils cherchent pourrait être trouvé dans une seule rose ou un peu d'eau... Mais les yeux sont aveugles. Il faut chercher avec le cœur."

Men cultivate five thousand roses in the same garden... and they don't find there what they seek... And yet what they seek could be found in a single rose or a little water... But eyes are blind. One must seek with the heart.

Part F-C (Original French Text)

Les hommes cultivent cinq mille roses dans un même jardin... et ils n'y trouvent pas ce qu'ils cherchent... Et cependant ce qu'ils cherchent pourrait être trouvé dans une seule rose ou un peu d'eau... Mais les yeux sont aveugles. Il faut chercher avec le cœur.

Part F-D (Grammatical Analysis)

This passage from "Le Petit Prince" demonstrates sophisticated French syntax without using "aussi" directly, but the concept of addition and continuation flows throughout. The structure "et ils n'y trouvent pas" (and they don't find there) could be rephrased with "aussi" in simpler French: "ils ne trouvent pas aussi ce qu'ils cherchent" (they also don't find what they seek).

The passage builds ideas through: -

Conjunction "et" (and) functioning similarly to "aussi" -

Contrast with "mais" (but) and "cependant" (however) -

Parallel structures that could incorporate "aussi"

For English speakers, notice how French creates flowing thought without overusing single connectors. While English might use "also" repeatedly, French varies its transitions with et, mais, cependant, creating more elegant prose. This passage teaches that mastering French involves understanding when NOT to use "aussi" as much as when to use it.

The philosophical nature of the text shows how French values abstract thought expressed simply. An English speaker might expect more explicit connections ("They also need to look with their hearts"), but French achieves the same meaning through implication and rhythm.

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Genre Section: Travel and Tourism

Section A (Detailed English-French Interlinear Text)

89.16 Le The guide guide touristique tourist parle speaks anglais English et and comprend understands aussi also le the japonais Japanese pour for les the visiteurs visitors internationaux international

89.17 Nous We avons have réservé reserved un a hôtel hotel à in Nice Nice et and aussi also une a voiture car de of location rental

89.18 Le The musée museum ouvre opens à at neuf nine heures hours et and ferme closes aussi also tard late le the soir evening

89.19 Elle She a has visité visited la the Tour Tower Eiffel Eiffel et and elle she est is aussi also montée gone-up jusqu' until au to-the sommet top

89.20 Les The touristes tourists peuvent can prendre take des some photos photos et and aussi also acheter buy des some souvenirs souvenirs ici here

89.21 Le The train train s' itself arrête stops à at Lyon Lyon et and continue continues aussi also vers toward Marseille Marseille

89.22 J' I ai have goûté tasted les the escargots snails et and j' I ai have aussi also essayé tried les the cuisses legs de of grenouille frog

89.23 Le The château castle date dates du from-the quinzième fifteenth siècle century et and possède possesses aussi also de some magnifiques magnificent jardins gardens

89.24 Vous You pouvez can voir see Notre-Dame Notre-Dame et and aussi also visiter visit la the Sainte-Chapelle Sainte-Chapelle à at proximité proximity

89.25 Le The restaurant restaurant propose offers des some plats dishes végétariens vegetarian et and sert serves aussi also des some options options sans without gluten gluten

89.26 Ils They ont have exploré explored les the plages beaches de of la the Côte Coast d'Azur of-Azure et and ont have aussi also fait made de of-the la the plongée diving

89.27 Le The vol flight direct direct coûte costs cher expensive mais but arrive arrives aussi also plus more rapidement quickly à at destination destination

89.28 Cette This région region produit produces du some vin wine rouge red et and cultive cultivates aussi also des some olives olives depuis since des some siècles centuries

89.29 Nous We avons have pris taken le the métro metro et and nous we avons have aussi also utilisé used les the bus buses touristiques tourist

89.30 L' The auberge inn offre offers le the petit small déjeuner lunch et and peut can aussi also préparer prepare des some paniers baskets repas meal pour for les the excursions excursions

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Section B (Complete French Sentences with English Translation)

89.16 Le guide touristique parle anglais et comprend aussi le japonais pour les visiteurs internationaux. The tour guide speaks English and also understands Japanese for international visitors.

89.17 Nous avons réservé un hôtel à Nice et aussi une voiture de location. We reserved a hotel in Nice and also a rental car.

89.18 Le musée ouvre à neuf heures et ferme aussi tard le soir. The museum opens at nine o'clock and also closes late in the evening.

89.19 Elle a visité la Tour Eiffel et elle est aussi montée jusqu'au sommet. She visited the Eiffel Tower and she also went up to the top.

89.20 Les touristes peuvent prendre des photos et aussi acheter des souvenirs ici. Tourists can take photos and also buy souvenirs here.

89.21 Le train s'arrête à Lyon et continue aussi vers Marseille. The train stops in Lyon and also continues toward Marseille.

89.22 J'ai goûté les escargots et j'ai aussi essayé les cuisses de grenouille. I tasted the snails and I also tried the frog legs.

89.23 Le château date du quinzième siècle et possède aussi de magnifiques jardins. The castle dates from the fifteenth century and also has magnificent gardens.

89.24 Vous pouvez voir Notre-Dame et aussi visiter la Sainte-Chapelle à proximité. You can see Notre-Dame and also visit the Sainte-Chapelle nearby.

89.25 Le restaurant propose des plats végétariens et sert aussi des options sans gluten. The restaurant offers vegetarian dishes and also serves gluten-free options.

89.26 Ils ont exploré les plages de la Côte d'Azur et ont aussi fait de la plongée. They explored the beaches of the Côte d'Azur and also went diving.

89.27 Le vol direct coûte cher mais arrive aussi plus rapidement à destination. The direct flight is expensive but also arrives more quickly at the destination.

89.28 Cette région produit du vin rouge et cultive aussi des olives depuis des siècles. This region produces red wine and has also been cultivating olives for centuries.

89.29 Nous avons pris le métro et nous avons aussi utilisé les bus touristiques. We took the metro and we also used the tourist buses.

89.30 L'auberge offre le petit déjeuner et peut aussi préparer des paniers repas pour les excursions. The inn offers breakfast and can also prepare packed lunches for excursions.

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Section C (French Text Only)

89.16 Le guide touristique parle anglais et comprend aussi le japonais pour les visiteurs internationaux.

89.17 Nous avons réservé un hôtel à Nice et aussi une voiture de location.

89.18 Le musée ouvre à neuf heures et ferme aussi tard le soir.

89.19 Elle a visité la Tour Eiffel et elle est aussi montée jusqu'au sommet.

89.20 Les touristes peuvent prendre des photos et aussi acheter des souvenirs ici.

89.21 Le train s'arrête à Lyon et continue aussi vers Marseille.

89.22 J'ai goûté les escargots et j'ai aussi essayé les cuisses de grenouille.

89.23 Le château date du quinzième siècle et possède aussi de magnifiques jardins.

89.24 Vous pouvez voir Notre-Dame et aussi visiter la Sainte-Chapelle à proximité.

89.25 Le restaurant propose des plats végétariens et sert aussi des options sans gluten.

89.26 Ils ont exploré les plages de la Côte d'Azur et ont aussi fait de la plongée.

89.27 Le vol direct coûte cher mais arrive aussi plus rapidement à destination.

89.28 Cette région produit du vin rouge et cultive aussi des olives depuis des siècles.

89.29 Nous avons pris le métro et nous avons aussi utilisé les bus touristiques.

89.30 L'auberge offre le petit déjeuner et peut aussi préparer des paniers repas pour les excursions.

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Section D (Grammar Notes for Travel and Tourism Genre)

Using "aussi" in Travel Contexts

When discussing travel and tourism in French, "aussi" serves several specific functions that help create natural, informative descriptions.

Common Travel Patterns with "aussi": -

Listing amenities or services: Hotels, restaurants, and attractions often offer multiple features -

Structure: service/feature 1 + et + aussi + service/feature 2 -

Example: L'hôtel a une piscine et aussi un spa -

Describing multi-stop journeys: When transportation makes several stops -

Pattern: verb of movement + location 1 + et + continue/s'arrête + aussi + location 2 -

Example: Le train s'arrête à Lyon et continue aussi vers Marseille -

Travel experiences and activities: Narrating what you did or plan to do -

Format: past/future action 1 + et + auxiliary + aussi + past participle -

Example: J'ai visité le musée et j'ai aussi vu la cathédrale

Travel-Specific Vocabulary with "aussi": -

également (equally/also) - more formal alternative in brochures -

en plus (in addition) - emphasizes extras -

de même (likewise) - for similar offerings -

par ailleurs (moreover) - for additional information

Cultural Travel Tips: -

French tourism professionals often use "aussi" to softly upsell services -

"Nous proposons des chambres standard et aussi des suites" -

In travel reviews, "aussi" helps balance positive and negative points -

"L'hôtel était propre mais aussi un peu bruyant" -

Restaurant descriptions frequently use "aussi" for dietary options -

"Nous servons des plats traditionnels et aussi des options véganes"

Common Mistakes in Travel Contexts: -

Overusing "aussi" in lists - vary with "également," "de plus" -

Forgetting gender agreement with past participles after "aussi" -

Wrong placement in complex travel directions -

Using "aussi" instead of "non plus" in negative travel warnings

Practical Travel Phrases: -

"Y a-t-il aussi..." (Is there also...) -

"Pouvons-nous aussi..." (Can we also...) -

"Le prix comprend-il aussi..." (Does the price also include...) -

"Faut-il aussi..." (Must one also...)

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About this Course

These language lessons are part of the Latinum Institute's comprehensive language learning program, developed by Evan der Millner BA MA (Cantab. NZ, London), who has been creating online language learning materials since 2006. The lessons follow the construed text method, a proven approach for autodidactic learners.

The method, detailed at latinum.substack.com and latinum.org.uk, breaks down target language texts into granular, interlinear translations that allow students to see exact correspondences between languages. This approach is particularly effective for self-directed learners who want to understand not just what words mean, but how languages structure meaning differently.

Each lesson includes: -

Detailed word-by-word analysis in Section A -

Complete sentences with natural translations in Section B -

Pure target language practice in Section C -

Comprehensive grammar explanations tailored for English speakers in Section D -

Cultural context to understand usage beyond rules in Section E -

Authentic literary excerpts with analysis in Section F -

Genre-specific applications to see language in real contexts

The Latinum Institute has received positive reviews for its teaching methods, as seen at https://uk.trustpilot.com/review/latinum.org.uk. Additional audio materials, primarily for ancient languages, are available for paid subscribers at patreon.com/latinum.

The course design recognizes that adult learners benefit from understanding linguistic structures explicitly, rather than absorbing them through immersion alone. By seeing patterns across multiple examples and understanding the logic behind grammatical rules, students can accelerate their learning and develop confidence in using the language independently.

For a complete index of all available courses and languages, visit: https://latinum.substack.com/p/index

Each lesson in this series focuses on a single grammatical element or vocabulary item, providing 30 examples in various contexts plus a genre-specific section. This intensive focus allows learners to fully internalize each concept before moving on, building a solid foundation for fluency.

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