The Hindi construction "कि नहीं" (ki nahī̃) is a crucial negation pattern that combines the conjunction "कि" (ki - that) with the negative particle "नहीं" (nahī̃ - not). This construction is used to introduce negative dependent clauses, similar to how English uses "that not" or "that...not." It appears frequently in reported speech, thoughts, and complex sentences where a negative statement follows a main clause.
"कि नहीं" (ki nahī̃) functions as a compound conjunction introducing negative subordinate clauses. The word "कि" (ki) means "that" and serves as a subordinator, while "नहीं" (nahī̃) provides the negation. Together, they create sentences like "I think that (she) is not coming" or "He said that (it) is not possible."
Q: What does कि नहीं mean in Hindi? A: कि नहीं (ki nahī̃) means "that not" and is used to introduce negative dependent clauses in Hindi. It combines the conjunction कि (that) with the negative particle नहीं (not) to create complex negative statements.
Course: Hindi Language Learning for English Speakers Level: Intermediate Topic: Negative Subordinate Clauses Learning Objective: Students will understand and use the कि नहीं construction to form complex negative sentences in Hindi Prerequisites: Basic Hindi sentence structure, present tense, basic negation
In this lesson, you will encounter "कि नहीं" in various contexts including: -
Reported negative speech ("He said that not...") -
Negative thoughts and beliefs ("I think that not...") -
Negative conditions and possibilities ("It seems that not...") -
Complex negative statements in formal and informal registers
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"कि नहीं" introduces negative subordinate clauses in Hindi -
The word order often differs from English, with the verb typically coming at the end -
This construction is essential for expressing complex negative thoughts and reported speech -
Understanding this pattern opens up more sophisticated Hindi communication -
The negation can sometimes be separated from कि depending on emphasis and sentence structure
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23.1 मैं (maĩ) I सोचता (sochtā) think हूँ (hū̃) am कि (ki) that वह (vah) she नहीं (nahī̃) not आएगी (āegī) will-come
23.2 उसने (usne) he कहा (kahā) said कि (ki) that यह (yah) this नहीं (nahī̃) not हो (ho) be सकता (saktā) can
23.3 मुझे (mujhe) to-me पता (patā) known है (hai) is कि (ki) that वे (ve) they नहीं (nahī̃) not जानते (jānte) know
23.4 शिक्षक (śikṣak) teacher ने (ne) [agent] बताया (batāyā) told कि (ki) that परीक्षा (parīkṣā) exam नहीं (nahī̃) not होगी (hogī) will-be
23.5 क्या (kyā) [question] तुम्हें (tumhẽ) to-you लगता (lagtā) seems है (hai) is कि (ki) that बारिश (bāriś) rain नहीं (nahī̃) not होगी (hogī) will-happen
23.6 माँ (mā̃) mother मानती (māntī) believes है (hai) is कि (ki) that बच्चे (bacce) children नहीं (nahī̃) not सो (so) sleep रहे (rahe) [continuous] हैं (haĩ) are
23.7 डॉक्टर (ḍākṭar) doctor ने (ne) [agent] कहा (kahā) said कि (ki) that मुझे (mujhe) to-me नहीं (nahī̃) not खाना (khānā) eat चाहिए (cāhie) should
23.8 वह (vah) she जानती (jāntī) knows है (hai) is कि (ki) that मैं (maĩ) I नहीं (nahī̃) not आ (ā) come सकूंगा (sakū̃gā) will-be-able
23.9 पुलिस (pulis) police को (ko) to लगता (lagtā) seems है (hai) is कि (ki) that चोर (cor) thief नहीं (nahī̃) not मिलेगा (milegā) will-be-found
23.10 बच्चों (baccõ) children को (ko) to डर (ḍar) fear है (hai) is कि (ki) that पापा (pāpā) papa नहीं (nahī̃) not मानेंगे (mānẽge) will-agree
23.11 सबको (sabko) to-everyone पता (patā) known था (thā) was कि (ki) that वह (vah) he नहीं (nahī̃) not जीतेगा (jītegā) will-win
23.12 मुझे (mujhe) to-me यकीन (yakīn) belief है (hai) is कि (ki) that वे (ve) they नहीं (nahī̃) not भूले (bhūle) forgot हैं (haĩ) have
23.13 अध्यापक (adhyāpak) teacher समझते (samajhte) understand हैं (haĩ) are कि (ki) that छात्र (chātra) students नहीं (nahī̃) not पढ़ (paṛh) study रहे (rahe) [continuous] हैं (haĩ) are
23.14 उन्होंने (unhõne) they सुना (sunā) heard कि (ki) that ट्रेन (ṭren) train नहीं (nahī̃) not आई (āī) came है (hai) has
23.15 राज (rāj) Raj को (ko) to उम्मीद (ummīd) hope है (hai) is कि (ki) that बाज़ार (bāzār) market नहीं (nahī̃) not बंद (band) closed होगा (hogā) will-be
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23.1 मैं सोचता हूँ कि वह नहीं आएगी। I think that she will not come.
23.2 उसने कहा कि यह नहीं हो सकता। He said that this cannot happen.
23.3 मुझे पता है कि वे नहीं जानते। I know that they do not know.
23.4 शिक्षक ने बताया कि परीक्षा नहीं होगी। The teacher told (us) that the exam will not take place.
23.5 क्या तुम्हें लगता है कि बारिश नहीं होगी? Do you think that it will not rain?
23.6 माँ मानती है कि बच्चे नहीं सो रहे हैं। Mother believes that the children are not sleeping.
23.7 डॉक्टर ने कहा कि मुझे नहीं खाना चाहिए। The doctor said that I should not eat.
23.8 वह जानती है कि मैं नहीं आ सकूंगा। She knows that I will not be able to come.
23.9 पुलिस को लगता है कि चोर नहीं मिलेगा। The police think that the thief will not be found.
23.10 बच्चों को डर है कि पापा नहीं मानेंगे। The children fear that papa will not agree.
23.11 सबको पता था कि वह नहीं जीतेगा। Everyone knew that he would not win.
23.12 मुझे यकीन है कि वे नहीं भूले हैं। I believe that they have not forgotten.
23.13 अध्यापक समझते हैं कि छात्र नहीं पढ़ रहे हैं। The teacher understands that the students are not studying.
23.14 उन्होंने सुना कि ट्रेन नहीं आई है। They heard that the train has not arrived.
23.15 राज को उम्मीद है कि बाज़ार नहीं बंद होगा। Raj hopes that the market will not be closed.
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23.1 मैं सोचता हूँ कि वह नहीं आएगी।
23.2 उसने कहा कि यह नहीं हो सकता।
23.3 मुझे पता है कि वे नहीं जानते।
23.4 शिक्षक ने बताया कि परीक्षा नहीं होगी।
23.5 क्या तुम्हें लगता है कि बारिश नहीं होगी?
23.6 माँ मानती है कि बच्चे नहीं सो रहे हैं।
23.7 डॉक्टर ने कहा कि मुझे नहीं खाना चाहिए।
23.8 वह जानती है कि मैं नहीं आ सकूंगा।
23.9 पुलिस को लगता है कि चोर नहीं मिलेगा।
23.10 बच्चों को डर है कि पापा नहीं मानेंगे।
23.11 सबको पता था कि वह नहीं जीतेगा।
23.12 मुझे यकीन है कि वे नहीं भूले हैं।
23.13 अध्यापक समझते हैं कि छात्र नहीं पढ़ रहे हैं।
23.14 उन्होंने सुना कि ट्रेन नहीं आई है।
23.15 राज को उम्मीद है कि बाज़ार नहीं बंद होगा।
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The construction "कि नहीं" is fundamental to expressing negative subordinate clauses in Hindi. Here are the essential grammar rules:
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Main clause + कि + Subject + नहीं + Verb Example: मैं सोचता हूँ कि वह नहीं आएगी (I think that she will not come) -
The negative particle नहीं typically precedes the main verb in the subordinate clause -
कि वह नहीं जानता (that he does not know) -
कि बारिश नहीं होगी (that it will not rain)
In English, we say "I think that she will not come" In Hindi, the order is: "I think that she not will-come" The verb comes at the end of the clause in Hindi, while English places it in the middle.
The placement of नहीं can vary: -
Before the main verb: कि वह नहीं आएगा (most common) -
Before auxiliary verbs: कि वह आ नहीं सकता -
For emphasis: कि नहीं, वह आएगा (No, he will come)
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Placing नहीं after the verb Wrong: कि वह आएगा नहीं Correct: कि वह नहीं आएगा -
Using English word order Wrong: कि नहीं वह आएगा Correct: कि वह नहीं आएगा -
Forgetting कि in complex sentences Wrong: मैं सोचता हूँ वह नहीं आएगा Correct: मैं सोचता हूँ कि वह नहीं आएगा -
Confusing नहीं with न नहीं is the standard negation न is more literary or used in certain constructions
To form a "that not" sentence in Hindi:
Step 1: Create your main clause (मैं सोचता हूँ - I think) Step 2: Add कि (that) Step 3: Add the subject of the subordinate clause (वह - she) Step 4: Add नहीं (not) Step 5: Add the verb at the end (आएगी - will come) Result: मैं सोचता हूँ कि वह नहीं आएगी
Conjunction: कि (ki) - invariable, does not change Negation: नहीं (nahī̃) - invariable, but position can vary Common verbs that take कि नहीं: -
सोचना (to think) -
कहना (to say) -
जानना (to know) -
मानना (to believe) -
लगना (to seem) -
समझना (to understand)
Tense agreement: The tense in the subordinate clause is independent of the main clause -
Present + Future: मैं सोचता हूँ कि वह नहीं आएगी -
Past + Past: मैंने सोचा कि वह नहीं आई -
Present + Present: मैं जानता हूँ कि वह नहीं जानता
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The use of "कि नहीं" reflects important aspects of Hindi communication culture. In Indian society, negative statements are often softened or made indirect, especially when disagreeing or delivering bad news. The construction allows speakers to distance themselves from the negative content by embedding it in a subordinate clause.
Hindi speakers often use "मुझे लगता है कि... नहीं" (I think that... not) rather than direct negation. This indirect approach is considered more polite than blunt refusal. For example, instead of saying "This is wrong," a Hindi speaker might say "मुझे लगता है कि यह सही नहीं है" (I think that this is not correct).
In different regions of India, the placement and emphasis of negation can vary: -
Northern Hindi tends to place नहीं immediately before the verb -
In some dialects, the negation might be doubled for emphasis -
Urdu-influenced speech may use different negative particles
In formal contexts (business, education), the full "कि नहीं" construction is maintained. In casual conversation, कि might be dropped, especially in rapid speech. However, learners should master the complete form first.
Several idioms use this construction: -
"लगता है कि नहीं होगा" (It seems it won't happen) - expressing doubt -
"कहते हैं कि नहीं मिलेगा" (They say it won't be available) - reporting unavailability -
"सुना है कि नहीं आएंगे" (I heard they won't come) - sharing hearsay
Understanding these patterns helps English speakers navigate Hindi's preference for indirect communication while maintaining cultural sensitivity.
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Original Text: होरी ने सोचा कि अब नहीं बचूंगा। जीवन की आशा नहीं रही। उसे विश्वास हो गया कि मृत्यु समीप है। धनिया रो रही थी। गोबर ने कहा कि डॉक्टर को नहीं बुलाया जाए। वे लोग जानते थे कि पैसे नहीं हैं।
होरी (horī) Hori ने (ne) [agent] सोचा (socā) thought कि (ki) that अब (ab) now नहीं (nahī̃) not बचूंगा (bacū̃gā) will-survive। जीवन (jīvan) life की (kī) of आशा (āśā) hope नहीं (nahī̃) not रही (rahī) remained। उसे (use) to-him विश्वास (viśvās) belief हो (ho) became गया (gayā) [completed] कि (ki) that मृत्यु (mṛtyu) death समीप (samīp) near है (hai) is। धनिया (dhaniyā) Dhaniya रो (ro) cry रही (rahī) [continuous] थी (thī) was। गोबर (gobar) Gobar ने (ne) [agent] कहा (kahā) said कि (ki) that डॉक्टर (ḍākṭar) doctor को (ko) to नहीं (nahī̃) not बुलाया (bulāyā) called जाए (jāe) should-be। वे (ve) those लोग (log) people जानते (jānte) know थे (the) were कि (ki) that पैसे (paise) money नहीं (nahī̃) not हैं (haĩ) are।
होरी ने सोचा कि अब नहीं बचूंगा। जीवन की आशा नहीं रही। उसे विश्वास हो गया कि मृत्यु समीप है। धनिया रो रही थी। गोबर ने कहा कि डॉक्टर को नहीं बुलाया जाए। वे लोग जानते थे कि पैसे नहीं हैं।
Hori thought that he would not survive now. No hope of life remained. He became convinced that death was near. Dhaniya was crying. Gobar said that the doctor should not be called. Those people knew that there was no money.
होरी ने सोचा कि अब नहीं बचूंगा। जीवन की आशा नहीं रही। उसे विश्वास हो गया कि मृत्यु समीप है। धनिया रो रही थी। गोबर ने कहा कि डॉक्टर को नहीं बुलाया जाए। वे लोग जानते थे कि पैसे नहीं हैं।
This passage from Premchand's masterpiece "Godān" powerfully demonstrates the use of "कि नहीं" in literary Hindi. The construction appears three times, each serving a different emotional purpose: -
"कि अब नहीं बचूंगा" - Hori's internal realization of his mortality -
"कि डॉक्टर को नहीं बुलाया जाए" - Gobar's practical but heartbreaking suggestion -
"कि पैसे नहीं हैं" - The family's shared understanding of their poverty
The repetition of negative constructions emphasizes the hopelessness of the situation. Premchand uses simple language but achieves profound emotional impact through these negative subordinate clauses. Note how the negation "नहीं रही" (no longer remained) in the second sentence stands alone without कि, showing variation in negative expression.
For learners, this passage illustrates how "कि नहीं" functions in serious literary contexts, moving beyond textbook examples to real emotional expression. The grammatical structure remains consistent even in this tragic scene, demonstrating the stability of this construction across registers.
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23.16 प्रबंधक (prabandhan) manager ने (ne) [agent] बताया (batāyā) informed कि (ki) that कंपनी (kampanī) company नहीं (nahī̃) not दे (de) give सकती (saktī) can बोनस (bonas) bonus इस (is) this साल (sāl) year
23.17 ग्राहक (grāhak) customer ने (ne) [agent] शिकायत (śikāyat) complaint की (kī) made कि (ki) that सामान (sāmān) goods नहीं (nahī̃) not मिला (milā) received है (hai) has
23.18 निदेशक (nideśak) director मानते (mānte) believe हैं (haĩ) are कि (ki) that बाज़ार (bāzār) market नहीं (nahī̃) not सुधरेगा (sudhregā) will-improve जल्दी (jaldī) soon
23.19 सेल्स (sels) sales टीम (ṭīm) team को (ko) to पता (patā) known चला (calā) became कि (ki) that टारगेट (ṭārgeṭ) target नहीं (nahī̃) not मिलेगा (milegā) will-be-met
23.20 एचआर (ecār) HR ने (ne) [agent] घोषणा (ghoṣṇā) announcement की (kī) made कि (ki) that छुट्टी (chuṭṭī) holiday नहीं (nahī̃) not मिलेगी (milegī) will-be-given
23.21 लेखाकार (lekhākār) accountant ने (ne) [agent] बताया (batāyā) told कि (ki) that टैक्स (ṭaiks) tax नहीं (nahī̃) not बचेगा (bacegā) will-be-saved
23.22 आपूर्तिकर्ता (āpūrtikartā) supplier ने (ne) [agent] कहा (kahā) said कि (ki) that डिलीवरी (ḍilivarī) delivery नहीं (nahī̃) not हो (ho) happen सकेगी (sakegī) will-be-able
23.23 बैंक (baĩk) bank ने (ne) [agent] सूचित (sūcit) informed किया (kiyā) did कि (ki) that लोन (lon) loan नहीं (nahī̃) not मिलेगा (milegā) will-be-granted
23.24 निवेशक (niveśak) investors समझते (samajhte) understand हैं (haĩ) are कि (ki) that रिटर्न (riṭarn) return नहीं (nahī̃) not मिलेगा (milegā) will-come तुरंत (turant) immediately
23.25 कर्मचारी (karmacārī) employees जानते (jānte) know हैं (haĩ) are कि (ki) that वेतन (vetan) salary नहीं (nahī̃) not बढ़ेगा (baṛhegā) will-increase
23.26 मैनेजमेंट (maineijmeṇṭ) management ने (ne) [agent] फैसला (faislā) decision किया (kiyā) made कि (ki) that विस्तार (vistār) expansion नहीं (nahī̃) not होगा (hogā) will-happen
23.27 ऑडिटर (āḍiṭar) auditor ने (ne) [agent] रिपोर्ट (riporṭ) report दी (dī) gave कि (ki) that खाते (khāte) accounts नहीं (nahī̃) not हैं (haĩ) are सही (sahī) correct
23.28 वकील (vakīl) lawyer ने (ne) [agent] सलाह (salāh) advice दी (dī) gave कि (ki) that केस (kes) case नहीं (nahī̃) not लड़ना (laṛnā) fight चाहिए (cāhie) should
23.29 ठेकेदार (ṭhekedār) contractor ने (ne) [agent] बताया (batāyā) informed कि (ki) that काम (kām) work नहीं (nahī̃) not हो (ho) be पाएगा (pāegā) will-be-able समय (samay) time पर (par) on
23.30 बोर्ड (borḍ) board ने (ne) [agent] निर्णय (nirṇay) decision लिया (liyā) took कि (ki) that डिविडेंड (ḍiviḍeṇḍ) dividend नहीं (nahī̃) not दिया (diyā) given जाएगा (jāegā) will-be
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23.16 प्रबंधक ने बताया कि कंपनी बोनस नहीं दे सकती इस साल। The manager informed that the company cannot give bonus this year.
23.17 ग्राहक ने शिकायत की कि सामान नहीं मिला है। The customer complained that the goods have not been received.
23.18 निदेशक मानते हैं कि बाज़ार जल्दी नहीं सुधरेगा। The director believes that the market will not improve soon.
23.19 सेल्स टीम को पता चला कि टारगेट नहीं मिलेगा। The sales team found out that the target will not be met.
23.20 एचआर ने घोषणा की कि छुट्टी नहीं मिलेगी। HR announced that holiday will not be given.
23.21 लेखाकार ने बताया कि टैक्स नहीं बचेगा। The accountant told that tax will not be saved.
23.22 आपूर्तिकर्ता ने कहा कि डिलीवरी नहीं हो सकेगी। The supplier said that delivery will not be possible.
23.23 बैंक ने सूचित किया कि लोन नहीं मिलेगा। The bank informed that the loan will not be granted.
23.24 निवेशक समझते हैं कि रिटर्न तुरंत नहीं मिलेगा। Investors understand that returns will not come immediately.
23.25 कर्मचारी जानते हैं कि वेतन नहीं बढ़ेगा। Employees know that salary will not increase.
23.26 मैनेजमेंट ने फैसला किया कि विस्तार नहीं होगा। Management decided that expansion will not happen.
23.27 ऑडिटर ने रिपोर्ट दी कि खाते सही नहीं हैं। The auditor reported that the accounts are not correct.
23.28 वकील ने सलाह दी कि केस नहीं लड़ना चाहिए। The lawyer advised that the case should not be fought.
23.29 ठेकेदार ने बताया कि काम समय पर नहीं हो पाएगा। The contractor informed that the work will not be completed on time.
23.30 बोर्ड ने निर्णय लिया कि डिविडेंड नहीं दिया जाएगा। The board decided that dividend will not be given.
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23.16 प्रबंधक ने बताया कि कंपनी बोनस नहीं दे सकती इस साल।
23.17 ग्राहक ने शिकायत की कि सामान नहीं मिला है।
23.18 निदेशक मानते हैं कि बाज़ार जल्दी नहीं सुधरेगा।
23.19 सेल्स टीम को पता चला कि टारगेट नहीं मिलेगा।
23.20 एचआर ने घोषणा की कि छुट्टी नहीं मिलेगी।
23.21 लेखाकार ने बताया कि टैक्स नहीं बचेगा।
23.22 आपूर्तिकर्ता ने कहा कि डिलीवरी नहीं हो सकेगी।
23.23 बैंक ने सूचित किया कि लोन नहीं मिलेगा।
23.24 निवेशक समझते हैं कि रिटर्न तुरंत नहीं मिलेगा।
23.25 कर्मचारी जानते हैं कि वेतन नहीं बढ़ेगा।
23.26 मैनेजमेंट ने फैसला किया कि विस्तार नहीं होगा।
23.27 ऑडिटर ने रिपोर्ट दी कि खाते सही नहीं हैं।
23.28 वकील ने सलाह दी कि केस नहीं लड़ना चाहिए।
23.29 ठेकेदार ने बताया कि काम समय पर नहीं हो पाएगा।
23.30 बोर्ड ने निर्णय लिया कि डिविडेंड नहीं दिया जाएगा।
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In business Hindi, the "कि नहीं" construction carries particular weight as it often conveys disappointing news, policy decisions, or negative assessments. Understanding its proper use is crucial for professional communication.
-
Complete verb forms: Business Hindi maintains full forms -
मिलेगा not मिलेगी (formal agreement) -
जाएगा not जायेगा (standardized spelling) -
Professional vocabulary: Notice the English loanwords -
बोनस, टारगेट, लोन, रिटर्न, डिविडेंड -
These are standard in Indian business communication -
Passive constructions: Often used to soften negative news -
नहीं दिया जाएगा (will not be given) - passive -
Rather than active: नहीं देंगे (will not give)
Announcement pattern: [Authority] + ने + [announcement verb] + कि + [negative news] -
एचआर ने घोषणा की कि छुट्टी नहीं मिलेगी -
बैंक ने सूचित किया कि लोन नहीं मिलेगा
Report pattern: [Professional] + ने + बताया/रिपोर्ट दी + कि + [negative finding] -
ऑडिटर ने रिपोर्ट दी कि खाते सही नहीं हैं -
लेखाकार ने बताया कि टैक्स नहीं बचेगा
Business Hindi often employs additional softening when delivering negative news: -
Adding सकना (can/able): नहीं हो सकेगी (will not be possible) -
Time qualifiers: जल्दी नहीं (not soon), तुरंत नहीं (not immediately) -
Conditional markers: नहीं हो पाएगा (will not be able to happen)
In business emails, कि नहीं appears in: -
Regret formulas: हमें खेद है कि हम नहीं कर सकते -
Policy statements: कंपनी की नीति है कि ओवरटाइम नहीं दिया जाएगा -
Status updates: मुझे बताना है कि प्रोजेक्ट समय पर नहीं हो पाएगा
Understanding these patterns helps English speakers navigate Indian business communication effectively while maintaining appropriate formality and cultural sensitivity.
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The Latinum Institute Modern Language Courses represent a unique approach to language learning, developed by Evan der Millner BA MA (Cantab. NZ, London), who has been creating innovative online language learning materials since 2006. These lessons employ the construed text method, a pedagogical technique refined over centuries for teaching classical languages, now adapted for modern language acquisition.
At the heart of these lessons is the interlinear translation system, where each word in the target language is glossed individually in Section A. This granular approach allows autodidactic learners to build vocabulary systematically while understanding grammatical relationships. The progression from construed text (Section A) to natural syntax (Sections B and C) bridges the gap between analytical understanding and practical usage.
Each lesson follows a carefully structured format: -
Introduction: Provides context and key concepts -
Section A: Granular interlinear text for vocabulary acquisition -
Section B: Natural target language with idiomatic translations -
Section C: Pure target language immersion -
Section D: Comprehensive grammar explanations -
Section E: Cultural context essential for true fluency -
Section F: Authentic literary excerpts with detailed analysis -
Genre Section: Extended practice in specific contexts
This structure ensures that learners engage with the language from multiple angles, building both analytical knowledge and intuitive understanding.
The construed text approach is particularly effective for autodidacts because: -
It requires no prior knowledge of the target language -
Grammar is absorbed naturally through repeated patterns -
Vocabulary is learned in context, not through rote memorization -
Cultural understanding is integrated throughout -
Literary examples provide authentic language exposure
Evan der Millner brings extensive experience in classical and modern language pedagogy to these courses. His work can be explored further at: -
latinum.substack.com (for detailed methodology) -
latinum.org.uk (for course offerings) -
https://uk.trustpilot.com/review/latinum.org.uk (for student testimonials)
The Latinum Institute courses have helped thousands of independent learners worldwide achieve fluency in their target languages through this systematic, comprehensive approach to language acquisition.
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