← Iānuae Latīnitātis Vestibulum
Salvēte, discipulī cārissimī! In lectiōnibus praecēdentibus dē mente et voluntāte dīdicimus — dē facultātibus animī. Hodiē ad statūs hūmānōs trānsīmus: quōmodo nōs sentīmus in dīversīs condiciōnibus vītae.
Greetings, dearest students! In the preceding lessons we learned about the mind and the will — about the faculties of the soul. Today we cross to human states: how we feel in various conditions of life.
Quis est sēcūrus? Quī nihil cūrat — quī sine sollicitūdine vīvit. Quis est tūtus? Quī nihil timet — quī in locō perīculī nōn est. Quis est vegetus? Quī vīribus plēnus est et labōrāre vult. Quis est fessus? Quī vīribus carēns quiēscere dēbet.
Who is carefree? He who cares for nothing — who lives without worry. Who is safe? He who fears nothing — who is not in a place of danger. Who is vigorous? He who is full of strength and wants to labor. Who is weary? He who, lacking strength, ought to rest.
Et quid dē somniō? Vigilia fatīgat; sopor recreat. Corpus et animus requiem postulant. Hoc est nātūrāle; hoc est necessārium.
And what about sleep? Wakefulness wearies; slumber refreshes. Body and soul demand rest. This is natural; this is necessary.
Ē tenebrīs Lēšnēnsibus, Iōannēs Āmos Comēnius
Sēcūrus the carefree one cūrat cares for nihil. nothing. Tūtus the safe one timet fears nihil. nothing. Vegetus the vigorous one labōrat. labors. Fessus the weary one quiēscit. rests. Vigilia wakefulness enim for fatīgat. wearies. Sopor slumber recreat. refreshes.
Sēcūrus cūrat nihil — The carefree one (sēcūrus) cares for (cūrat) nothing (nihil). The adjective sēcūrus (from sē- + cūra, “without care”) means “free from worry, carefree, unconcerned.” It can be positive (tranquil) or negative (careless). English “secure” comes from this root.
Tūtus timet nihil — The safe one (tūtus) fears (timet) nothing. The adjective tūtus means “protected, safe, secure.” Unlike sēcūrus (a subjective feeling), tūtus describes an objective condition of safety.
Vegetus labōrat — The vigorous one (vegetus) labors (labōrat). The adjective vegetus means “lively, vigorous, active, fresh.” It comes from vegeō (to enliven). English “vegetable” ironically comes from this root (meaning “growing, alive”).
Fessus quiēscit — The weary one (fessus) rests (quiēscit). The adjective fessus means “tired, weary, exhausted.” The verb quiēscō means “to rest, be quiet.”
Vigilia enim fatīgat — For (enim) wakefulness (vigilia) wearies (fatīgat). The noun vigilia means “wakefulness, watching, being awake.” The verb fatīgō means “to tire, weary, exhaust.”
Sopor recreat — Slumber (sopor) refreshes (recreat). The noun sopor means “deep sleep, slumber.” The verb recreō means “to restore, refresh, revive” (literally “to create again”).
Sēcūrus cūrat nihil. The carefree one cares for nothing.
Tūtus timet nihil. The safe one fears nothing.
Vegetus labōrat. The vigorous one labors.
Fessus quiēscit. The weary one rests.
Vigilia enim fatīgat. For wakefulness wearies.
Sopor recreat. Slumber refreshes.
Sēcūrus cūrat nihil. Tūtus timet nihil. Vegetus labōrat. Fessus quiēscit. Vigilia enim fatīgat. Sopor recreat.
When adjectives are used as substantives, they describe types of people or conditions:
Adiectīvum Substantīvum Significātiō sēcūrus, -a, -um sēcūrus the carefree one tūtus, -a, -um tūtus the safe one vegetus, -a, -um vegetus the vigorous one fessus, -a, -um fessus the weary one
These adjectives-as-nouns describe human states or conditions. In translation, we add “one” or “person”: sēcūrus = “the carefree one.”
The Vestibulum presents pairs of opposites:
Statūs Oppositus Significātiō sēcūrus sollicitus carefree / worried tūtus perīculōsus safe / in danger vegetus fessus vigorous / weary vigilia sopor wakefulness / slumber
Learning antonyms together aids vocabulary retention.
These words both relate to safety but differ:
Adiectīvum Significātiō Nātūra sēcūrus free from care, unconcerned subjective (feeling) tūtus protected, safe objective (condition)
One can be sēcūrus (feeling carefree) even when not tūtus (actually safe) — this is dangerous! One can be tūtus (actually safe) but not sēcūrus (still worried) — this is unnecessary anxiety.
Verbum Partēs Prīncipālēs Significātiō cūrō cūrō, cūrāre, cūrāvī, cūrātum to care for, be concerned about timeō timeō, timēre, timuī to fear labōrō labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātum to labor, work quiēscō quiēscō, quiēscere, quiēvī, quiētum to rest fatīgō fatīgō, fatīgāre, fatīgāvī, fatīgātum to tire, weary recreō recreō, recreāre, recreāvī, recreātum to refresh, restore
Nōmen Gen. Sing. Genus Significātiō vigilia, -ae vigiliae f. wakefulness, watching sopor, sopōris sopōris m. deep sleep, slumber somnus, -ī somnī m. sleep (general) somnium, -ī somniī n. dream quiēs, quiētis quiētis f. rest, quiet requiēs, requiētis requiētis f. rest, repose
Note the distinction: sopor (deep sleep), somnus (sleep in general), somnium (dream).
Vocābulum Pars Ōrātiōnis Significātiō sēcūrus, -a, -um adiectīvum carefree, unconcerned cūrō, cūrāre verbum to care for tūtus, -a, -um adiectīvum safe, protected timeō, timēre verbum to fear vegetus, -a, -um adiectīvum vigorous, lively fessus, -a, -um adiectīvum weary, tired quiēscō, quiēscere verbum to rest vigilia, -ae (f.) nōmen wakefulness fatīgō, fatīgāre verbum to tire, weary sopor, sopōris (m.) nōmen slumber recreō, recreāre verbum to refresh
Aestāte in summer cicāda a cicada cantābat was singing tōtum the whole diem. day. Sēcūra carefree erat she was et and nihil nothing cūrābat. she cared for. “Cūr “why labōrem?” should I labor?” dīcēbat. she said. “Sōl “the sun lūcet, shines, cibus food abundat, abounds, cālor warmth dēlectat. delights. Cantābō!” I shall sing!”
Formica an ant autem however labōrābat was laboring sine without requiē. rest. Grana grains colligēbat she was collecting et and in into domum her house portābat. was carrying. Vegeta vigorous erat she was et and numquam never quiēscēbat. was resting.
Cicāda the cicada rīsit laughed et and dīxit: said: “Cūr “why tantum so much labōrās, do you labor, formica? ant? Ecce behold quantum how much cibī of food ubīque everywhere est! there is! Cūr why nōn not quiēscis do you rest et and cantās sing mēcum?” with me?”
Formica the ant respondisse to have replied dīcitur: is said: “Aestās “summer nōn not semper always dūrat. lasts. Hiems winter veniet. will come. Tunc then nūllus no cibus food erit. will there be. Nunc now labōrō I labor ut so that tunc then cibum food habeam.” I may have.”
Cicāda the cicada rīsit: laughed: “Hiems? “winter? Longa a long via way abest! it is away! Hodiē today vīvō, I live, hodiē today cantō. I sing. Crās tomorrow cūrābō!” I shall care!”
Sed but aestās summer trānsiit. passed. Autumnus autumn vēnit. came. Tum then hiems winter vēnit came cum with frīgore cold et and nive. snow.
Cicāda the cicada nunc now fessa weary erat was et and ēsuriēbat. was hungry. Nūllus no cibus food erat. was there. Nūllum no tēctum shelter habēbat. she had. Frīgēbat she was cold et and tremēbat. was trembling.
Ad to formīcam the ant iit she went et and rogāvit: asked: “Formica, “ant, dā give mihi me paulum a little cibī! of food! Morior I am dying fame of hunger et and frīgore!” cold!”
Formica the ant dīxit: said: “Aestāte in summer cantābās you were singing dum while ego I labōrābam. was laboring. Quid what nunc now faciam? should I do? Nōn not possum can I tē you tōtam the whole hiemem winter alere.” feed.
Sed but formica the ant misericordiā by pity mōta moved est was et and paulum a little cibī of food dedit: gave: “Accipe “take hoc. this. Sed but disce: learn: quī he who sēcūrus carefree est is cum when labōrāre to labor dēbet, he ought, fessus weary erit will be cum when quiēscere to rest vult.” he wants.”
Haec this fābula fable docet: teaches: Tempus there is a time labōrandī for laboring et and tempus a time quiēscendī. for resting. Quī he who semper always sēcūrus carefree est, is, numquam never tūtus safe erit. will be.
Aestāte cicāda cantābat tōtum diem. In summer a cicada was singing the whole day.
Sēcūra erat et nihil cūrābat. She was carefree and cared for nothing.
“Cūr labōrem?” dīcēbat. “Sōl lūcet, cibus abundat, cālor dēlectat. Cantābō!” “Why should I labor?” she said. “The sun shines, food abounds, warmth delights. I shall sing!”
Formica autem labōrābat sine requiē. An ant however was laboring without rest.
Grana colligēbat et in domum portābat. She was collecting grains and carrying them into her house.
Vegeta erat et numquam quiēscēbat. She was vigorous and never was resting.
Cicāda rīsit et dīxit: “Cūr tantum labōrās, formica?” The cicada laughed and said: “Why do you labor so much, ant?”
“Ecce quantum cibī ubīque est! Cūr nōn quiēscis et cantās mēcum?” “Behold how much food there is everywhere! Why don’t you rest and sing with me?”
Formica respondisse dīcitur: “Aestās nōn semper dūrat.” The ant is said to have replied: “Summer does not always last.”
“Hiems veniet. Tunc nūllus cibus erit. Nunc labōrō ut tunc cibum habeam.” “Winter will come. Then there will be no food. Now I labor so that then I may have food.”
Cicāda rīsit: “Hiems? Longa via abest! Hodiē vīvō, hodiē cantō. Crās cūrābō!” The cicada laughed: “Winter? It is a long way away! Today I live, today I sing. Tomorrow I shall care!”
Sed aestās trānsiit. Autumnus vēnit. Tum hiems vēnit cum frīgore et nive. But summer passed. Autumn came. Then winter came with cold and snow.
Cicāda nunc fessa erat et ēsuriēbat. The cicada was now weary and was hungry.
Nūllus cibus erat. Nūllum tēctum habēbat. There was no food. She had no shelter.
Frīgēbat et tremēbat. She was cold and was trembling.
Ad formīcam iit et rogāvit: “Formica, dā mihi paulum cibī!” She went to the ant and asked: “Ant, give me a little food!”
“Morior fame et frīgore!” “I am dying of hunger and cold!”
Formica dīxit: “Aestāte cantābās dum ego labōrābam.” The ant said: “In summer you were singing while I was laboring.”
“Quid nunc faciam? Nōn possum tē tōtam hiemem alere.” “What should I do now? I cannot feed you the whole winter.”
Sed formica misericordiā mōta est et paulum cibī dedit: But the ant was moved by pity and gave a little food:
“Accipe hoc. Sed disce: quī sēcūrus est cum labōrāre dēbet, fessus erit cum quiēscere vult.” “Take this. But learn: he who is carefree when he ought to labor, will be weary when he wants to rest.”
Haec fābula docet: Tempus labōrandī et tempus quiēscendī. This fable teaches: There is a time for laboring and a time for resting.
Quī semper sēcūrus est, numquam tūtus erit. He who is always carefree will never be safe.
Aestāte cicāda cantābat tōtum diem. Sēcūra erat et nihil cūrābat. “Cūr labōrem?” dīcēbat. “Sōl lūcet, cibus abundat, cālor dēlectat. Cantābō!”
Formica autem labōrābat sine requiē. Grana colligēbat et in domum portābat. Vegeta erat et numquam quiēscēbat.
Cicāda rīsit et dīxit: “Cūr tantum labōrās, formica? Ecce quantum cibī ubīque est! Cūr nōn quiēscis et cantās mēcum?”
Formica respondisse dīcitur: “Aestās nōn semper dūrat. Hiems veniet. Tunc nūllus cibus erit. Nunc labōrō ut tunc cibum habeam.”
Cicāda rīsit: “Hiems? Longa via abest! Hodiē vīvō, hodiē cantō. Crās cūrābō!”
Sed aestās trānsiit. Autumnus vēnit. Tum hiems vēnit cum frīgore et nive.
Cicāda nunc fessa erat et ēsuriēbat. Nūllus cibus erat. Nūllum tēctum habēbat. Frīgēbat et tremēbat.
Ad formīcam iit et rogāvit: “Formica, dā mihi paulum cibī! Morior fame et frīgore!”
Formica dīxit: “Aestāte cantābās dum ego labōrābam. Quid nunc faciam? Nōn possum tē tōtam hiemem alere.”
Sed formica misericordiā mōta est et paulum cibī dedit: “Accipe hoc. Sed disce: quī sēcūrus est cum labōrāre dēbet, fessus erit cum quiēscere vult.”
Haec fābula docet: Tempus labōrandī et tempus quiēscendī. Quī semper sēcūrus est, numquam tūtus erit.
Dē Argūmentō:
This is the famous Aesopic fable of the Ant and the Grasshopper (here cicāda, cicada). The fable perfectly illustrates the lesson vocabulary: the cicada is sēcūra (carefree) while the ant is vegeta (vigorous); the cicada becomes fessa (weary) while the ant remains tūta (safe). The moral — quī semper sēcūrus est, numquam tūtus erit — encapsulates the distinction between subjective carelessness and objective safety.
Grammatica Nōtanda: -
Deliberative subjunctive: cūr labōrem?, quid nunc faciam? — “why should I labor?”, “what should I do now?” -
Purpose clause: ut tunc cibum habeam — “so that I may then have food.” -
Gerund genitive: tempus labōrandī, tempus quiēscendī — “a time for laboring,” “a time for resting.” -
Ablative of cause: misericordiā mōta est, morior fame et frīgore — “moved by pity,” “dying of hunger and cold.” -
Temporal dum + indicative: dum ego labōrābam — “while I was laboring” (contemporaneous action).
Vocabula Fābulae:
Vocābulum Pars Ōrātiōnis Significātiō cicāda, -ae (f.) nōmen cicada formica, -ae (f.) nōmen ant aestās, -ātis (f.) nōmen summer hiems, hiemis (f.) nōmen winter autumnus, -ī (m.) nōmen autumn grānum, -ī (n.) nōmen grain colligō, colligere verbum to collect dūrō, dūrāre verbum to last trānseō, trānsīre verbum to pass frīgeō, frīgēre verbum to be cold tremō, tremere verbum to tremble alō, alere, aluī, altum verbum to feed, nourish misericordia, -ae (f.) nōmen pity, mercy
DISCIPULUS: Magister, master, quid what est is differentia the difference inter between “sēcūrum” “carefree” et and “tūtum”? “safe”?
MAGISTER: Bona a good quaestiō! question! “Sēcūrus” “carefree” dēscrībit describes quōmodo how tē you sentiās you feel — sine without cūrā, care, sine without sollicitūdine. worry. “Tūtus” “safe” dēscrībit describes quōmodo how rēs things sint are — sine without perīculō, danger, prōtēctus. protected.
DISCIPULUS: Ergō therefore possum can I esse be sēcūrus carefree sed but nōn not tūtus? safe?
MAGISTER: Ita! yes! Et and hoc this est is perīculōsum! dangerous! Cicāda the cicada in in fābulā the fable erat was sēcūra carefree aestāte, in summer, sed but nōn not tūta. safe. Hiems winter veniēbat, was coming, sed but illa she nihil nothing cūrābat. cared.
DISCIPULUS: Et and possum can I esse be tūtus safe sed but nōn not sēcūrus? carefree?
MAGISTER: Etiam! yes indeed! Multī many hominēs people tūtī safe sunt are sed but tamen nevertheless semper always sollicitī. worried. Timōrēs fears habent they have sine without causā. cause. Hoc this quoque also nōn not bonum good est is — pāx peace mentis of mind perīre to perish potest. can.
DISCIPULUS: Quid what dē about labōre labor et and quiēte? rest? Quantō how much tempore time labōrāre to labor dēbeō? ought I?
MAGISTER: Corpus the body et and animus the soul utrumque both egent need — et both labōre labor et and quiēte. rest. Sī if nimis too much labōrās, you labor, fessus weary fīēs you will become et and aegrotābis. you will become sick. Sī if nimis too much quiēscis, you rest, piger lazy fīēs you will become et and dēbilis. weak.
DISCIPULUS: Quōmodo how aequilībrium a balance inveniō? do I find?
MAGISTER: Antīquī the ancients dīcēbant: used to say: “Modus “measure in in omnibus all things rēbus.” a measure.” Labōrā labor cum when vegetus vigorous es; you are; quiēsce rest cum when fessus weary es. you are. Corpus the body tuum your tibi to you dīcit tells quid what egeat. it needs. Audī hear illud! it!
DISCIPULUS: Et and quid what dē about somniō? sleep? Quot how many hōrās hours dormīre to sleep dēbeō? ought I?
MAGISTER: Comēnius Comenius dīcit: says: “Cum “when septem seven hōrās hours dormīvistī, you have slept, excitā wake up aliōs!” others!” Septem seven vel or octō eight hōrae hours satis enough sunt are plērīsque for most hominibus. people. Sopor sleep recreat refreshes corpus the body et and mentem. the mind. Sine without sopōre, sleep, nec neither corpus the body nec nor mēns the mind bene well fungitur. functions.
DISCIPULUS: Ergō therefore somnus sleep nōn not est is tempus time perditum? lost?
MAGISTER: Minimē! not at all! Somnus sleep est is tempus a time recreātiōnis. of refreshment. Dum while dormīs, you sleep, corpus the body sē itself reficit; repairs; mēns the mind sē itself pūrgat purifies et and memoriam memory cōnfirmat. strengthens. Somnus sleep est is pars a part vītae of life necessāria, necessary, nōn not pars a part perdita! lost!
DISCIPULUS: Magister, quid est differentia inter “sēcūrum” et “tūtum”? Master, what is the difference between “carefree” and “safe”?
MAGISTER: Bona quaestiō! A good question!
“Sēcūrus” dēscrībit quōmodo tē sentiās — sine cūrā, sine sollicitūdine. “Carefree” describes how you feel — without care, without worry.
“Tūtus” dēscrībit quōmodo rēs sint — sine perīculō, prōtēctus. “Safe” describes how things are — without danger, protected.
DISCIPULUS: Ergō possum esse sēcūrus sed nōn tūtus? Therefore can I be carefree but not safe?
MAGISTER: Ita! Et hoc est perīculōsum! Yes! And this is dangerous!
Cicāda in fābulā erat sēcūra aestāte, sed nōn tūta. The cicada in the fable was carefree in summer, but not safe.
Hiems veniēbat, sed illa nihil cūrābat. Winter was coming, but she cared for nothing.
DISCIPULUS: Et possum esse tūtus sed nōn sēcūrus? And can I be safe but not carefree?
MAGISTER: Etiam! Multī hominēs tūtī sunt sed tamen semper sollicitī. Yes indeed! Many people are safe but nevertheless always worried.
Timōrēs habent sine causā. Hoc quoque nōn bonum est — pāx mentis perīre potest. They have fears without cause. This too is not good — peace of mind can perish.
DISCIPULUS: Quid dē labōre et quiēte? Quantō tempore labōrāre dēbeō? What about labor and rest? How much time ought I to labor?
MAGISTER: Corpus et animus utrumque egent — et labōre et quiēte. The body and the soul both need — both labor and rest.
Sī nimis labōrās, fessus fīēs et aegrotābis. If you labor too much, you will become weary and will become sick.
Sī nimis quiēscis, piger fīēs et dēbilis. If you rest too much, you will become lazy and weak.
DISCIPULUS: Quōmodo aequilībrium inveniō? How do I find a balance?
MAGISTER: Antīquī dīcēbant: “Modus in omnibus rēbus.” The ancients used to say: “Measure in all things.”
Labōrā cum vegetus es; quiēsce cum fessus es. Labor when you are vigorous; rest when you are weary.
Corpus tuum tibi dīcit quid egeat. Audī illud! Your body tells you what it needs. Hear it!
DISCIPULUS: Et quid dē somniō? Quot hōrās dormīre dēbeō? And what about sleep? How many hours ought I to sleep?
MAGISTER: Comēnius dīcit: “Cum septem hōrās dormīvistī, excitā aliōs!” Comenius says: “When you have slept seven hours, wake up others!”
Septem vel octō hōrae satis sunt plērīsque hominibus. Seven or eight hours are enough for most people.
Sopor recreat corpus et mentem. Sleep refreshes the body and the mind.
Sine sopōre, nec corpus nec mēns bene fungitur. Without sleep, neither the body nor the mind functions well.
DISCIPULUS: Ergō somnus nōn est tempus perditum? Therefore sleep is not lost time?
MAGISTER: Minimē! Somnus est tempus recreātiōnis. Not at all! Sleep is a time of refreshment.
Dum dormīs, corpus sē reficit; mēns sē pūrgat et memoriam cōnfirmat. While you sleep, the body repairs itself; the mind purifies itself and strengthens memory.
Somnus est pars vītae necessāria, nōn pars perdita! Sleep is a necessary part of life, not a lost part!
DISCIPULUS: Magister, quid est differentia inter “sēcūrum” et “tūtum”?
MAGISTER: Bona quaestiō! “Sēcūrus” dēscrībit quōmodo tē sentiās — sine cūrā, sine sollicitūdine. “Tūtus” dēscrībit quōmodo rēs sint — sine perīculō, prōtēctus.
DISCIPULUS: Ergō possum esse sēcūrus sed nōn tūtus?
MAGISTER: Ita! Et hoc est perīculōsum! Cicāda in fābulā erat sēcūra aestāte, sed nōn tūta. Hiems veniēbat, sed illa nihil cūrābat.
DISCIPULUS: Et possum esse tūtus sed nōn sēcūrus?
MAGISTER: Etiam! Multī hominēs tūtī sunt sed tamen semper sollicitī. Timōrēs habent sine causā. Hoc quoque nōn bonum est — pāx mentis perīre potest.
DISCIPULUS: Quid dē labōre et quiēte? Quantō tempore labōrāre dēbeō?
MAGISTER: Corpus et animus utrumque egent — et labōre et quiēte. Sī nimis labōrās, fessus fīēs et aegrotābis. Sī nimis quiēscis, piger fīēs et dēbilis.
DISCIPULUS: Quōmodo aequilībrium inveniō?
MAGISTER: Antīquī dīcēbant: “Modus in omnibus rēbus.” Labōrā cum vegetus es; quiēsce cum fessus es. Corpus tuum tibi dīcit quid egeat. Audī illud!
DISCIPULUS: Et quid dē somniō? Quot hōrās dormīre dēbeō?
MAGISTER: Comēnius dīcit: “Cum septem hōrās dormīvistī, excitā aliōs!” Septem vel octō hōrae satis sunt plērīsque hominibus. Sopor recreat corpus et mentem. Sine sopōre, nec corpus nec mēns bene fungitur.
DISCIPULUS: Ergō somnus nōn est tempus perditum?
MAGISTER: Minimē! Somnus est tempus recreātiōnis. Dum dormīs, corpus sē reficit; mēns sē pūrgat et memoriam cōnfirmat. Somnus est pars vītae necessāria, nōn pars perdita!
Dē Argūmentō Paedagōgicō:
This colloquium explores the philosophical distinction between sēcūrus (subjective feeling) and tūtus (objective condition), then moves to practical advice about balancing labor and rest. The discussion incorporates Comenius’s own words from the Vestibulum (cum septem hōrās dormīvistī) and classical wisdom (modus in omnibus rēbus).
Grammatica Nōtanda: -
Indirect question with subjunctive: quōmodo tē sentiās, quōmodo rēs sint, quid egeat — “how you feel,” “how things are,” “what it needs.” -
Future indicative with fīō: fessus fīēs, piger fīēs — “you will become weary,” “you will become lazy.” -
Deponent fungor: bene fungitur — “functions well” (takes ablative, but here used absolutely). -
Correlative nec...nec: nec corpus nec mēns — “neither body nor mind.”
Match each adjective with its meaning:
Latīnē English 1. sēcūrus a. weary 2. tūtus b. carefree 3. vegetus c. safe 4. fessus d. vigorous
Give the opposite of each word: -
sēcūrus ↔ __________ -
vegetus ↔ __________ -
vigilia ↔ __________ -
labōrō ↔ __________
Match each verb with its meaning:
Verbum Significātiō 1. cūrō a. to rest 2. timeō b. to tire 3. quiēscō c. to refresh 4. fatīgō d. to care for 5. recreō e. to fear
-
The carefree one cares for nothing. -
The safe one fears nothing. -
The vigorous one labors. -
The weary one rests. -
Wakefulness wearies; slumber refreshes.
-
Quī semper sēcūrus est, numquam tūtus erit. -
Tempus labōrandī et tempus quiēscendī. -
Modus in omnibus rēbus. -
Somnus est pars vītae necessāria. -
Corpus tuum tibi dīcit quid egeat.
Choose the correct adjective for each situation: -
A soldier in a fortress with high walls is __________. -
A person who doesn’t worry about anything is __________. -
A child protected by parents is __________. -
A person who ignores danger is __________ (but not __________).
Memorize these sentences: -
Sēcūrus cūrat nihil. The carefree one cares for nothing. -
Tūtus timet nihil. The safe one fears nothing. -
Vegetus labōrat. The vigorous one labors. -
Fessus quiēscit. The weary one rests. -
Vigilia fatīgat; sopor recreat. Wakefulness wearies; slumber refreshes. -
Modus in omnibus rēbus. Measure in all things.
-
b (sēcūrus = carefree) -
c (tūtus = safe) -
d (vegetus = vigorous) -
a (fessus = weary)
-
sēcūrus ↔ sollicitus (worried) -
vegetus ↔ fessus (weary) -
vigilia ↔ sopor (slumber) -
labōrō ↔ quiēscō (to rest)
-
d (cūrō = to care for) -
e (timeō = to fear) -
a (quiēscō = to rest) -
b (fatīgō = to tire) -
c (recreō = to refresh)
-
Sēcūrus nihil cūrat. -
Tūtus nihil timet. -
Vegetus labōrat. -
Fessus quiēscit. -
Vigilia fatīgat; sopor recreat.
-
He who is always carefree will never be safe. -
A time for laboring and a time for resting. -
Measure in all things. -
Sleep is a necessary part of life. -
Your body tells you what it needs.
-
tūtus (objectively safe) -
sēcūrus (subjectively carefree) -
tūtus (objectively safe) -
sēcūrus but not tūtus (feels carefree but isn’t actually safe)
In proximā lectiōne dē somnō et morbīs discēmus! Cum septem hōrās dormīvistī et ēvigilās, excitā aliōs. Iēiūnus appetit ēscās; satur fastīdit. Ā statibus hūmānīs ad condiciōnēs corporis trānsībimus — somnus, famēs, morbus, et salūs!
In the next lesson we shall learn about sleep and sickness! When you have slept seven hours and you awake, stir up others. The hungry one desires food; the full one loathes it. We shall cross from human states to conditions of the body — sleep, hunger, sickness, and health!
Scrīptum est annō Dominī MMXXVI, ā Comēniō per mysterium cōnscientiae renātō.
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