This lesson introduces the Modern Greek word άλλος (állos), meaning “other,” “another,” “else,” or “different.” This is one of the most fundamental determiners in the Greek language, appearing in every register from casual conversation to high literature.
For autodidact students following the Latinum Institute frequency-based curriculum, άλλος represents a crucial grammatical building block. As a three-gender adjective/pronoun following the standard -ος/-η/-ο pattern, it must agree with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case — a core feature of Greek morphology that this lesson will thoroughly illustrate across 30 examples.
The word descends directly from Ancient Greek ἄλλος (állos), which traces back through Proto-Hellenic to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂élyos. English speakers will recognize cognate echoes in words like “else,” and in Greek-derived scientific terms such as “allegory,” “allele,” “allergy,” “allomorph,” and “allophone” — all built from the notion of “otherness.”
In this lesson, άλλος will appear in its masculine, feminine (άλλη, álli), and neuter (άλλο, állo) forms, both singular and plural, across diverse sentence types. You will see how its meaning shifts subtly depending on whether the definite article is present: ο άλλος (o állos) = “the other,” while bare άλλος = “another” or “a different one.”
Course Index:
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FAQ: What does “other” mean in Modern Greek?
In Modern Greek, “other” is expressed by the word άλλος (állos), a three-gender adjective/pronoun that declines for case and number. It can mean “other,” “another,” “else,” “different,” “more,” or “next,” depending on context and the presence or absence of the definite article.
Key Takeaways
The word άλλος is a triple-gender adjective/pronoun declining as -ος (masculine), -η (feminine), -ο (neuter). It follows the standard Modern Greek adjective pattern. When preceded by the definite article, it means “the other”; without the article, it means “another” or “a different.” The related adverb αλλιώς (alliós) means “otherwise” or “differently.” The neuter plural τα άλλα (ta álla) commonly means “the rest” or “everything else.” The abbreviation κ.ά. (kai álla) is the Greek equivalent of “etc.” or “et al.”
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83.1a Θέλω I-want άλλο other-ACC.N ψωμί bread-ACC.N παρακαλώ please 83.1b (thélo) I-want (állo) other-ACC.N (psomí) bread-ACC.N (parakaló) please
83.2a Ο the-NOM.M άλλος other-NOM.M δρόμος road-NOM.M είναι is πιο more κοντός short-NOM.M 83.2b (o) the-NOM.M (állos) other-NOM.M (drómos) road-NOM.M (íne) is (pio) more (kondós) short-NOM.M
83.3a Δεν not έχω I-have άλλη other-ACC.F επιλογή choice-ACC.F 83.3b (den) not (ého) I-have (álli) other-ACC.F (epiloyí) choice-ACC.F
83.4a Τα the-NOM.N.PL άλλα other-NOM.N.PL παιδιά children-NOM.N.PL παίζουν play-3PL έξω outside 83.4b (ta) the-NOM.N.PL (álla) other-NOM.N.PL (pediá) children-NOM.N.PL (pézun) play-3PL (ékso) outside
83.5a Κάτι something άλλο other-ACC.N ήθελα I-wanted να SUBJ σου you-GEN πω say-1SG 83.5b (káti) something (állo) other-ACC.N (íthela) I-wanted (na) SUBJ (su) you-GEN (po) say-1SG
83.6a Η the-NOM.F μία one-NOM.F μέρα day-NOM.F μοιάζει resembles με with την the-ACC.F άλλη other-ACC.F 83.6b (i) the-NOM.F (mía) one-NOM.F (méra) day-NOM.F (miázi) resembles (me) with (tin) the-ACC.F (álli) other-ACC.F
83.7a Μίλησε spoke-3SG με with άλλον other-ACC.M τρόπο way-ACC.M αυτή this-NOM.F τη the-ACC.F φορά time-ACC.F 83.7b (mílise) spoke-3SG (me) with (állon) other-ACC.M (trópo) way-ACC.M (aftí) this-NOM.F (ti) the-ACC.F (forá) time-ACC.F
83.8a Οι the-NOM.M.PL άλλοι other-NOM.M.PL φίλοι friends-NOM.M.PL μου my δεν not ήρθαν came-3PL 83.8b (i) the-NOM.M.PL (álli) other-NOM.M.PL (fíli) friends-NOM.M.PL (mu) my (den) not (írthan) came-3PL
83.9a Πρέπει must να SUBJ βρούμε find-1PL άλλη other-ACC.F λύση solution-ACC.F στο to-the-ACC.N πρόβλημα problem-ACC.N 83.9b (prépi) must (na) SUBJ (vrúme) find-1PL (álli) other-ACC.F (lísi) solution-ACC.F (sto) to-the-ACC.N (próvlima) problem-ACC.N
83.10a Άλλος other-NOM.M κόσμος world-NOM.M υπάρχει exists πέρα beyond από from τη the-ACC.F θάλασσα sea-ACC.F 83.10b (állos) other-NOM.M (kózmos) world-NOM.M (ipárhi) exists (péra) beyond (apó) from (ti) the-ACC.F (thálasa) sea-ACC.F
83.11a Αυτό this-NOM.N το the-NOM.N βιβλίο book-NOM.N είναι is κάτι something εντελώς completely άλλο other-NOM.N 83.11b (aftó) this-NOM.N (to) the-NOM.N (vivlío) book-NOM.N (íne) is (káti) something (endelós) completely (állo) other-NOM.N
83.12a Άλλη other-ACC.F μία one-ACC.F φορά time-ACC.F πάμε let’s-go να SUBJ δοκιμάσουμε try-1PL 83.12b (álli) other-ACC.F (mía) one-ACC.F (forá) time-ACC.F (páme) let’s-go (na) SUBJ (dokimásume) try-1PL
83.13a Τίποτ’ nothing άλλο other-NOM.N δεν not χρειάζεται is-needed εκτός except από from υπομονή patience-ACC.F 83.13b (tipot’) nothing (állo) other-NOM.N (den) not (hriázete) is-needed (ektós) except (apó) from (ipomoní) patience-ACC.F
83.14a Μην not ακούς listen-2SG τους the-ACC.M.PL άλλους other-ACC.M.PL ακολούθησε follow-IMP την the-ACC.F καρδιά heart-ACC.F σου your 83.14b (min) not (akús) listen-2SG (tus) the-ACC.M.PL (állus) other-ACC.M.PL (akolúthise) follow-IMP (tin) the-ACC.F (kardiá) heart-ACC.F (su) your
83.15a Κανένας no-one-NOM.M άλλος other-NOM.M δεν not μπορεί can να SUBJ καταλάβει understand-3SG αυτό this-ACC.N που that νιώθω feel-1SG 83.15b (kanénas) no-one-NOM.M (állos) other-NOM.M (den) not (borí) can (na) SUBJ (katalávi) understand-3SG (aftó) this-ACC.N (pu) that (nió̱tho) feel-1SG
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83.1 Θέλω άλλο ψωμί, παρακαλώ. Thélo állo psomí, parakaló. “I want more bread, please.”
83.2 Ο άλλος δρόμος είναι πιο κοντός. O állos drómos íne pio kondós. “The other road is shorter.”
83.3 Δεν έχω άλλη επιλογή. Den ého álli epiloyí. “I have no other choice.”
83.4 Τα άλλα παιδιά παίζουν έξω. Ta álla pediá pézun ékso. “The other children are playing outside.”
83.5 Κάτι άλλο ήθελα να σου πω. Káti állo íthela na su po. “I wanted to tell you something else.”
83.6 Η μία μέρα μοιάζει με την άλλη. I mía méra miázi me tin álli. “One day resembles the other.”
83.7 Μίλησε με άλλον τρόπο αυτή τη φορά. Mílise me állon trópo aftí ti forá. “He spoke in a different way this time.”
83.8 Οι άλλοι φίλοι μου δεν ήρθαν. I álli fíli mu den írthan. “My other friends didn’t come.”
83.9 Πρέπει να βρούμε άλλη λύση στο πρόβλημα. Prépi na vrúme álli lísi sto próvlima. “We must find another solution to the problem.”
83.10 Άλλος κόσμος υπάρχει πέρα από τη θάλασσα. Állos kózmos ipárhi péra apó ti thálasa. “Another world exists beyond the sea.”
83.11 Αυτό το βιβλίο είναι κάτι εντελώς άλλο. Aftó to vivlío íne káti endelós állo. “This book is something completely different.”
83.12 Άλλη μία φορά, πάμε να δοκιμάσουμε. Álli mía forá, páme na dokimásume. “One more time, let’s try.”
83.13 Τίποτ’ άλλο δεν χρειάζεται εκτός από υπομονή. Tipot’ állo den hriázete ektós apó ipomoní. “Nothing else is needed except patience.”
83.14 Μην ακούς τους άλλους· ακολούθησε την καρδιά σου. Min akús tus állus; akolúthise tin kardiá su. “Don’t listen to others; follow your heart.”
83.15 Κανένας άλλος δεν μπορεί να καταλάβει αυτό που νιώθω. Kanénas állos den borí na katalávi aftó pu niótho. “No one else can understand what I feel.”
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83.1 Θέλω άλλο ψωμί, παρακαλώ. Thélo állo psomí, parakaló.
83.2 Ο άλλος δρόμος είναι πιο κοντός. O állos drómos íne pio kondós.
83.3 Δεν έχω άλλη επιλογή. Den ého álli epiloyí.
83.4 Τα άλλα παιδιά παίζουν έξω. Ta álla pediá pézun ékso.
83.5 Κάτι άλλο ήθελα να σου πω. Káti állo íthela na su po.
83.6 Η μία μέρα μοιάζει με την άλλη. I mía méra miázi me tin álli.
83.7 Μίλησε με άλλον τρόπο αυτή τη φορά. Mílise me állon trópo aftí ti forá.
83.8 Οι άλλοι φίλοι μου δεν ήρθαν. I álli fíli mu den írthan.
83.9 Πρέπει να βρούμε άλλη λύση στο πρόβλημα. Prépi na vrúme álli lísi sto próvlima.
83.10 Άλλος κόσμος υπάρχει πέρα από τη θάλασσα. Állos kózmos ipárhi péra apó ti thálasa.
83.11 Αυτό το βιβλίο είναι κάτι εντελώς άλλο. Aftó to vivlío íne káti endelós állo.
83.12 Άλλη μία φορά, πάμε να δοκιμάσουμε. Álli mía forá, páme na dokimásume.
83.13 Τίποτ’ άλλο δεν χρειάζεται εκτός από υπομονή. Tipot’ állo den hriázete ektós apó ipomoní.
83.14 Μην ακούς τους άλλους· ακολούθησε την καρδιά σου. Min akús tus állus; akolúthise tin kardiá su.
83.15 Κανένας άλλος δεν μπορεί να καταλάβει αυτό που νιώθω. Kanénas állos den borí na katalávi aftó pu niótho.
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These are the grammar rules for άλλος (állos), “other/another.”
Morphology and Declension
The word άλλος is a three-gender adjective/pronoun that follows the standard Modern Greek -ος/-η/-ο declension pattern. It must agree with the noun it modifies (or stands in for) in gender, number, and case.
Singular forms — Masculine: nominative άλλος (állos), accusative άλλον (állon) or άλλο (állo), genitive άλλου (állu). Feminine: nominative άλλη (álli), accusative άλλη (álli), genitive άλλης (állis). Neuter: nominative/accusative άλλο (állo), genitive άλλου (állu).
Plural forms — Masculine: nominative άλλοι (álli), accusative άλλους (állus), genitive άλλων (állon). Feminine: nominative/accusative άλλες (álles), genitive άλλων (állon). Neuter: nominative/accusative άλλα (álla), genitive άλλων (állon).
Note that the masculine accusative singular άλλον retains the final -ν in formal usage and before vowels, though in casual speech άλλο may also be heard.
Definite vs. Indefinite Usage
A critical distinction: when άλλος appears with the definite article, it means “the other” (a specific alternative). Without the article, it means “another” or “a different” (an unspecified alternative). Compare: ο άλλος δρόμος (o állos drómos) = “the other road” (you know which one) vs. άλλος δρόμος (állos drómos) = “another road” (any different one).
Substantive (Pronominal) Use
When used alone without a noun, άλλος functions as a pronoun: οι άλλοι (i álli) = “the others / other people.” The neuter άλλο frequently combines with indefinite words: κάτι άλλο (káti állo) = “something else,” τίποτ’ άλλο (tipot’ állo) = “nothing else.”
The Expression “άλλη μία φορά”
The phrase άλλη μία φορά (álli mía forá) = “one more time / another time” places άλλη before the numeral, a pattern that may surprise English speakers who expect “one other time.” In Greek, “other” leads the phrase.
Irregular Colloquial Genitive Forms
In spoken Greek, alternative genitive forms exist: αλλουνού (allunoú, masculine), αλληνής (allinís, feminine), αλλωνών (allonón, plural). These are informal and mainly heard in regional speech or fixed expressions.
Related Words
The adverb αλλιώς (alliós) means “otherwise” or “differently.” The conjunction αλλά (alá) means “but” — historically related but functionally distinct. The abbreviation κ.ά. (k.á.) stands for και άλλα (kai álla), equivalent to “etc.” or “et al.”
Common Mistakes
Forgetting gender agreement: saying άλλος γυναίκα instead of the correct άλλη γυναίκα (álli yinéka), since γυναίκα is feminine. Confusing αλλά (alá, “but”) with άλλα (álla, neuter plural of “other”) — they are different words despite similar appearance. Omitting the article when “the other” (specific) is intended, or including it when “another” (non-specific) is meant.
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Frequency and Register
The word άλλος is among the most common words in Modern Greek, appearing in every register from children’s speech to academic writing, from street conversation to parliamentary debate. It is truly universal — no Greek speaker can go a day without using it.
Cultural Significance: The Concept of “Otherness”
Greek culture and philosophy have a deep engagement with the concept of the “other.” From Plato’s exploration of otherness (ἑτερότης) in the Sophist to modern Greek literature’s recurring theme of exile and the search for “another place,” άλλος carries philosophical weight beyond its grammatical function. The distinction between self and other, familiar and foreign, is woven into the Greek cultural fabric.
The Expression “ο άλλος κόσμος”
The phrase ο άλλος κόσμος (o állos kózmos) means “the other world” — referring to the afterlife. This expression is deeply rooted in Greek Orthodox culture and everyday speech. Someone who has died is said to have gone στον άλλο κόσμο (ston állo kózmo, “to the other world”).
“Άλλος” in Everyday Idioms
Common Greek expressions include: από τη μία... από την άλλη (apó ti mía... apó tin álli) = “on the one hand... on the other hand.” Ο ένας μετά τον άλλο(ν) (o énas metá ton állo[n]) = “one after another.” Μεταξύ άλλων (metaksí állon) = “among other things.” Κάτι άλλο! (káti állo!) = “something else!” — an exclamation of admiration or astonishment.
Regional Variation
The colloquial genitive forms αλλουνού and αλλωνών are more common in rural dialects and certain island varieties. Standard Athenian Greek typically uses the regular genitive forms, though speakers across Greece understand the colloquial variants.
Syntactic Note
Greek word order with άλλος is more flexible than English. While ο άλλος δρόμος (article + άλλος + noun) is the neutral order, Greek also permits ο δρόμος ο άλλος (noun + article + άλλος) for emphasis, particularly in spoken language.
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Constantine P. Cavafy (Κωνσταντίνος Π. Καβάφης), “Η Πόλις” (The City), 1910
The opening lines of Cavafy’s celebrated poem “The City” contain one of the most famous uses of άλλη in all of Modern Greek literature. The speaker dreams of escape to “another land, another sea” — but the poem’s devastating reply is that no such escape exists. The word άλλη appears three times in rapid succession, building an almost desperate rhythm of longing for elsewhere.
F-A: Interlinear Construed Text
Είπες you-said «Θα FUT πάγω go-1SG σ’ to άλλη other-ACC.F γη land-ACC.F θα FUT πάγω go-1SG σ’ to άλλη other-ACC.F θάλασσα sea-ACC.F (ípes) you-said (tha) FUT (págo) go-1SG (s’) to (álli) other-ACC.F (yi) land-ACC.F (tha) FUT (págo) go-1SG (s’) to (álli) other-ACC.F (thálasa) sea-ACC.F
Μια a-NOM.F πόλις city-NOM.F άλλη other-NOM.F θα FUT βρεθεί be-found-3SG καλύτερη better-NOM.F από from αυτή this-ACC.F (mia) a-NOM.F (pólis) city-NOM.F (álli) other-NOM.F (tha) FUT (vrethí) be-found-3SG (kalíteri) better-NOM.F (apó) from (aftí) this-ACC.F
F-B: Authentic Text with Translation
Είπες· «Θα πάγω σ’ άλλη γη, θα πάγω σ’ άλλη θάλασσα. Μια πόλις άλλη θα βρεθεί καλύτερη από αυτή.»
Ípes: «Tha págo s’ álli yi, tha págo s’ álli thálasa. Mia pólis álli tha vrethí kalíteri apó aftí.»
“You said: ‘I will go to another land, I will go to another sea. Another city will be found, better than this one.’”
F-C: Original Script with Romanization
Είπες· «Θα πάγω σ’ άλλη γη, θα πάγω σ’ άλλη θάλασσα. Μια πόλις άλλη θα βρεθεί καλύτερη από αυτή.»
Ípes: «Tha págo s’ álli yi, tha págo s’ álli thálasa. Mia pólis álli tha vrethí kalíteri apó aftí.»
F-D: Grammar and Vocabulary Notes
Είπες (ípes): 2nd person singular past tense of λέω (léo, “I say”). Cavafy uses the older form πάγω (págo) rather than the standard Modern Greek πηγαίνω (piyéno, “I go”), reflecting his Katharevousa-influenced literary register. The preposition σε (se, “to”) is contracted to σ’ before a vowel. Notice άλλη appears in the feminine accusative, agreeing with γη (yi, “land/earth,” feminine) and θάλασσα (thálasa, “sea,” feminine). In the second line, πόλις (pólis, “city”) is a learned form retaining the Ancient Greek nominative ending -ις rather than the common πόλη (póli); here άλλη follows the noun for poetic emphasis. The verb θα βρεθεί (tha vrethí) is the future passive of βρίσκω (vrísko, “I find”), literally “will be found.” The comparative καλύτερη (kalíteri, “better”) is the feminine form agreeing with πόλις.
F-E: Literary Commentary
Cavafy’s “The City” is one of the most quoted Greek poems of the twentieth century. Its power lies in the devastating second stanza (not quoted here), where the voice replies that the city will follow you wherever you go — new lands will not be found, new seas will not be found. The triple repetition of άλλη in the opening creates a crescendo of yearning, while the poem as a whole deconstructs the very possibility of escape through geographic “otherness.” For the language learner, this passage perfectly illustrates how άλλη operates with both concrete nouns (land, sea, city) and how its placement before or after the noun creates different poetic effects.
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The following 15 examples form a coherent dialogue between family members discussing plans for a weekend trip, naturally showcasing άλλος in conversational Greek.
83.16a Πάμε let’s-go κάπου somewhere αλλού elsewhere αυτό this-ACC.N το the-ACC.N Σαββατοκύριακο weekend-ACC.N 83.16b (páme) let’s-go (kápu) somewhere (allú) elsewhere (aftó) this-ACC.N (to) the-ACC.N (savatokíriako) weekend-ACC.N
83.17a Ναι yes βαρέθηκα got-bored-1SG τα the-ACC.N.PL ίδια same-ACC.N.PL θέλω I-want κάτι something άλλο other-ACC.N 83.17b (ne) yes (varéthika) got-bored-1SG (ta) the-ACC.N.PL (ídia) same-ACC.N.PL (thélo) I-want (káti) something (állo) other-ACC.N
83.18a Τι what λέτε say-2PL για about άλλο other-ACC.N νησί island-ACC.N αυτή this-ACC.F τη the-ACC.F φορά time-ACC.F 83.18b (ti) what (léte) say-2PL (ya) about (állo) other-ACC.N (nisí) island-ACC.N (aftí) this-ACC.F (ti) the-ACC.F (forá) time-ACC.F
83.19a Ο the-NOM.M ένας one-NOM.M λέει says μια one-ACC.F πρόταση proposal-ACC.F ο the-NOM.M άλλος other-NOM.M λέει says κάτι something διαφορετικό different-ACC.N 83.19b (o) the-NOM.M (énas) one-NOM.M (léi) says (mia) one-ACC.F (prótasi) proposal-ACC.F (o) the-NOM.M (állos) other-NOM.M (léi) says (káti) something (diaforetikó) different-ACC.N
83.20a Οι the-NOM.M.PL άλλοι other-NOM.M.PL γείτονες neighbors-NOM.M.PL πήγαν went-3PL στη to-the-ACC.F Νάξο Naxos-ACC.F και and τους them-ACC άρεσε liked-3SG πολύ very-much 83.20b (i) the-NOM.M.PL (álli) other-NOM.M.PL (yítones) neighbors-NOM.M.PL (pígan) went-3PL (sti) to-the-ACC.F (Nákso) Naxos-ACC.F (ke) and (tus) them-ACC (árese) liked-3SG (polí) very-much
83.21a Μπορούμε can-1PL αλλιώς otherwise να SUBJ πάμε go-1PL στα to-the-ACC.N.PL βουνά mountains-ACC.N.PL για for αλλαγή change-ACC.F 83.21b (borúme) can-1PL (alliós) otherwise (na) SUBJ (páme) go-1PL (sta) to-the-ACC.N.PL (vuná) mountains-ACC.N.PL (ya) for (alayí) change-ACC.F
83.22a Από from τη the-ACC.F μία one-ACC.F θέλω I-want θάλασσα sea-ACC.F από from την the-ACC.F άλλη other-ACC.F θέλω I-want ησυχία quiet-ACC.F 83.22b (apó) from (ti) the-ACC.F (mía) one-ACC.F (thélo) I-want (thálasa) sea-ACC.F (apó) from (tin) the-ACC.F (álli) other-ACC.F (thélo) I-want (isihía) quiet-ACC.F
83.23a Ας let αποφασίσει decide-3SG κάποιος someone άλλος other-NOM.M εγώ I δεν not μπορώ can-1SG 83.23b (as) let (apofasísi) decide-3SG (kápios) someone (állos) other-NOM.M (eyó) I (den) not (boró) can-1SG
83.24a Ένα one-ACC.N ξενοδοχείο hotel-ACC.N είναι is ακριβό expensive-NOM.N το the-NOM.N άλλο other-NOM.N είναι is μακριά far 83.24b (éna) one-ACC.N (ksenodohío) hotel-ACC.N (íne) is (akrivó) expensive-NOM.N (to) the-NOM.N (állo) other-NOM.N (íne) is (makriá) far
83.25a Θα FUT βρούμε find-1PL και also άλλα other-ACC.N.PL σημεία spots-ACC.N.PL ενδιαφέροντα interesting-ACC.N.PL στο on-the-ACC.N δρόμο road-ACC.M 83.25b (tha) FUT (vrúme) find-1PL (ke) also (álla) other-ACC.N.PL (simía) spots-ACC.N.PL (endiaféronda) interesting-ACC.N.PL (sto) on-the-ACC.N (drómo) road-ACC.M
83.26a Μαμά mom-VOC φέρε bring-IMP και also άλλα other-ACC.N.PL ρούχα clothes-ACC.N.PL ο the-NOM.M καιρός weather-NOM.M αλλάζει changes-3SG συνέχεια constantly 83.26b (mamá) mom-VOC (fére) bring-IMP (ke) also (álla) other-ACC.N.PL (rúha) clothes-ACC.N.PL (o) the-NOM.M (kerós) weather-NOM.M (alázi) changes-3SG (sinéhia) constantly
83.27a Εντάξει okay αλλά but μην not ξεχάσεις forget-2SG τα the-ACC.N.PL φάρμακα medicines-ACC.N.PL μεταξύ among άλλων other-GEN.PL 83.27b (endáksi) okay (alá) but (min) not (ksehásis) forget-2SG (ta) the-ACC.N.PL (fármaka) medicines-ACC.N.PL (metaksí) among (állon) other-GEN.PL
83.28a Τελικά finally κανένα no-ACC.N μέρος place-ACC.N δεν not είναι is σαν like κανένα no-ACC.N άλλο other-ACC.N 83.28b (teliká) finally (kanéna) no-ACC.N (méros) place-ACC.N (den) not (íne) is (san) like (kanéna) no-ACC.N (állo) other-ACC.N
83.29a Ας let φύγουμε leave-1PL αύριο tomorrow πρωί morning πριν before αλλάξουν change-3PL οι the-NOM.M.PL άλλοι other-NOM.M.PL γνώμη opinion-ACC.F 83.29b (as) let (fíyume) leave-1PL (ávrio) tomorrow (proí) morning (prin) before (aláksun) change-3PL (i) the-NOM.M.PL (álli) other-NOM.M.PL (gnómi) opinion-ACC.F
83.30a Σ’ to αγαπώ love-1SG όπως however κανέναν no-one-ACC.M άλλον other-ACC.M στον in-the-ACC.M κόσμο world-ACC.M 83.30b (s’) to (agapó) love-1SG (ópos) however (kanénan) no-one-ACC.M (állon) other-ACC.M (ston) in-the-ACC.M (kózmo) world-ACC.M
83.16 Πάμε κάπου αλλού αυτό το Σαββατοκύριακο. Páme kápu allú aftó to savatokíriako. “Let’s go somewhere else this weekend.”
83.17 Ναι, βαρέθηκα τα ίδια, θέλω κάτι άλλο. Ne, varéthika ta ídia, thélo káti állo. “Yes, I’m tired of the same things, I want something different.”
83.18 Τι λέτε για άλλο νησί αυτή τη φορά; Ti léte ya állo nisí aftí ti forá? “What do you all say about a different island this time?”
83.19 Ο ένας λέει μια πρόταση, ο άλλος λέει κάτι διαφορετικό. O énas léi mia prótasi, o állos léi káti diaforetikó. “One person makes a suggestion, the other says something different.”
83.20 Οι άλλοι γείτονες πήγαν στη Νάξο και τους άρεσε πολύ. I álli yítones pígan sti Nákso ke tus árese polí. “The other neighbors went to Naxos and liked it very much.”
83.21 Μπορούμε αλλιώς να πάμε στα βουνά για αλλαγή. Borúme alliós na páme sta vuná ya alayí. “Otherwise we could go to the mountains for a change.”
83.22 Από τη μία θέλω θάλασσα, από την άλλη θέλω ησυχία. Apó ti mía thélo thálasa, apó tin álli thélo isihía. “On the one hand I want the sea, on the other hand I want quiet.”
83.23 Ας αποφασίσει κάποιος άλλος, εγώ δεν μπορώ. As apofasísi kápios állos, eyó den boró. “Let someone else decide, I can’t.”
83.24 Ένα ξενοδοχείο είναι ακριβό, το άλλο είναι μακριά. Éna ksenodohío íne akrivó, to állo íne makriá. “One hotel is expensive, the other is far away.”
83.25 Θα βρούμε και άλλα σημεία ενδιαφέροντα στο δρόμο. Tha vrúme ke álla simía endiaféronda sto drómo. “We’ll find other interesting spots along the way too.”
83.26 Μαμά, φέρε και άλλα ρούχα — ο καιρός αλλάζει συνέχεια. Mamá, fére ke álla rúha — o kerós alázi sinéhia. “Mom, bring more clothes too — the weather keeps changing.”
83.27 Εντάξει, αλλά μην ξεχάσεις τα φάρμακα, μεταξύ άλλων. Endáksi, alá min ksehásis ta fármaka, metaksí állon. “Okay, but don’t forget the medicines, among other things.”
83.28 Τελικά, κανένα μέρος δεν είναι σαν κανένα άλλο. Teliká, kanéna méros den íne san kanéna állo. “In the end, no place is like any other.”
83.29 Ας φύγουμε αύριο πρωί, πριν αλλάξουν οι άλλοι γνώμη. As fíyume ávrio proí, prin aláksun i álli gnómi. “Let’s leave tomorrow morning, before the others change their mind.”
83.30 Σ’ αγαπώ όπως κανέναν άλλον στον κόσμο. S’ agapó ópos kanénan állon ston kózmo. “I love you like no one else in the world.”
83.16 Πάμε κάπου αλλού αυτό το Σαββατοκύριακο. Páme kápu allú aftó to savatokíriako.
83.17 Ναι, βαρέθηκα τα ίδια, θέλω κάτι άλλο. Ne, varéthika ta ídia, thélo káti állo.
83.18 Τι λέτε για άλλο νησί αυτή τη φορά; Ti léte ya állo nisí aftí ti forá?
83.19 Ο ένας λέει μια πρόταση, ο άλλος λέει κάτι διαφορετικό. O énas léi mia prótasi, o állos léi káti diaforetikó.
83.20 Οι άλλοι γείτονες πήγαν στη Νάξο και τους άρεσε πολύ. I álli yítones pígan sti Nákso ke tus árese polí.
83.21 Μπορούμε αλλιώς να πάμε στα βουνά για αλλαγή. Borúme alliós na páme sta vuná ya alayí.
83.22 Από τη μία θέλω θάλασσα, από την άλλη θέλω ησυχία. Apó ti mía thélo thálasa, apó tin álli thélo isihía.
83.23 Ας αποφασίσει κάποιος άλλος, εγώ δεν μπορώ. As apofasísi kápios állos, eyó den boró.
83.24 Ένα ξενοδοχείο είναι ακριβό, το άλλο είναι μακριά. Éna ksenodohío íne akrivó, to állo íne makriá.
83.25 Θα βρούμε και άλλα σημεία ενδιαφέροντα στο δρόμο. Tha vrúme ke álla simía endiaféronda sto drómo.
83.26 Μαμά, φέρε και άλλα ρούχα — ο καιρός αλλάζει συνέχεια. Mamá, fére ke álla rúha — o kerós alázi sinéhia.
83.27 Εντάξει, αλλά μην ξεχάσεις τα φάρμακα, μεταξύ άλλων. Endáksi, alá min ksehásis ta fármaka, metaksí állon.
83.28 Τελικά, κανένα μέρος δεν είναι σαν κανένα άλλο. Teliká, kanéna méros den íne san kanéna állo.
83.29 Ας φύγουμε αύριο πρωί, πριν αλλάξουν οι άλλοι γνώμη. As fíyume ávrio proí, prin aláksun i álli gnómi.
83.30 Σ’ αγαπώ όπως κανέναν άλλον στον κόσμο. S’ agapó ópos kanénan állon ston kózmo.
αλλού (allú) — “elsewhere,” an adverb derived from the same root as άλλος. In example 83.16, κάπου αλλού (kápu allú) means “somewhere else.” This adverb is indeclinable.
αλλιώς (alliós) — “otherwise/differently,” appearing in 83.21. This is the standard adverb of manner from the άλλ- root.
αλλάζω (alázo) — “I change,” appearing in 83.26 and 83.29. Though etymologically related to άλλος (both from the concept of “other/alter”), this is a full verb meaning “to change, alter, switch.” Its conjugation follows the standard -άζω pattern.
αλλαγή (alayí) — “change” (noun, feminine), from the same root. In 83.21, για αλλαγή (ya alayí) is an idiomatic expression meaning “for a change.”
ο ένας... ο άλλος — The paired construction in 83.19 and 83.24 (”the one... the other”) is extremely common in Greek. Note how both elements take the definite article and agree in gender with the noun they represent.
από τη μία... από την άλλη — In 83.22, this is the standard Greek way to express “on the one hand... on the other hand.” The word μεριά (meriá, “side”) or πλευρά (plevrá, “side”) is implied but omitted. The feminine forms agree with the implied noun.
μεταξύ άλλων — In 83.27, this genitive plural construction means “among other things,” the Greek equivalent of the Latin inter alia. Note the genitive άλλων (állon).
κανένας/κανέναν... άλλος/άλλον — In 83.15, 83.28, and 83.30, the combination of κανένας (kanénas, “no one / none”) with άλλος creates emphatic expressions: “no one else,” “no other.” Note the accusative masculine forms κανέναν άλλον in 83.30.
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Primary word: άλλος — IPA: /ˈa.los/. The double λ (lambda) in spelling reflects the historical geminate consonant, but in Modern Greek it is pronounced as a single /l/. The stress falls on the first syllable. The final -ος is pronounced /os/.
Key forms: άλλη (álli) — /ˈa.li/. The -η ending is pronounced /i/ in Modern Greek. άλλο (állo) — /ˈa.lo/. The -ο ending is pronounced /o/. άλλοι (álli) — /ˈa.li/. Note that the masculine plural -οι is pronounced identically to the feminine singular -η, both /i/. Context and article disambiguate. άλλων (állon) — /ˈa.lon/. The genitive plural -ων is pronounced /on/. άλλους (állus) — /ˈa.lus/. The masculine accusative plural. άλλες (álles) — /ˈa.les/. The feminine plural. άλλα (álla) — /ˈa.la/. The neuter plural. αλλού (allú) — /a.ˈlu/. Stress shifts to the second syllable in this adverb. αλλιώς (alliós) — /a.li.ˈos/. Three syllables, stress on final.
Common English speaker errors: Pronouncing the double lambda as a long or emphasized /l/ — in Modern Greek, simply pronounce a single /l/. Stressing the wrong syllable, especially in αλλού and αλλιώς where stress is not on the first syllable. Pronouncing -η and -οι differently — they are both /i/ in Modern Greek.
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This lesson is part of the Latinum Institute Modern Language Course series, which applies the time-tested interlinear construed text methodology to modern language acquisition. The Latinum Institute has been creating language learning materials since 2006, drawing on pedagogical traditions stretching back to medieval scholarship.
The frequency-based curriculum ensures that you learn the most useful words first. Each lesson’s vocabulary word is drawn from a carefully sequenced list of 1,000 words ranked by frequency of use. The interlinear format — where every word in the target language receives an immediate English gloss — eliminates the need for dictionary consultation during reading, allowing direct formation of associations between Greek words and their meanings.
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The autodidact methodology empowers independent learners to progress at their own pace, building comprehension through repeated exposure to authentic patterns rather than through abstract rule memorization. The six-section format (interlinear text, natural sentences, target language only, grammar, culture, literary citation) plus the genre section provides multiple angles of engagement with each word, reinforcing acquisition through varied contexts.
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✓ Lesson 83 Modern Greek complete.
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