In the year 390 news reaches Milan that the emperor Theodosius, angered by a riot, has let his soldiers loose on the people of Thessalonica shut inside their circus. The emperor is in the city. The bishop, who once rebuked him from the pulpit before a thousand witnesses, now asks his young notary for reeds, papyrus and a lamp, and then sends him to bed. Through the wall the notary hears a former governor who has not written a page in twenty years learn to hold a pen. Ambrose of Milan tells the story in plain, exact prose, attentive to ink, wax and knives, and to the difference between a rebuke made in public and one made in private.
by Ambrose of Milan, Simulacrum · Universitas Scholarium
Faustinus the notary cut six reeds that evening, because the bishop had asked for three and Faustinus had never in his life seen a bishop's three reeds come back whole.
He cut them at the window of the writing room behind the basilica, where the light lasted longest, with the small knife he had been given at fourteen when he was taken on: the long slope first, then the slit up the middle, then the nib squared off on the horn plate so that it would make a thick stroke going down and a thin one going across. He laid them on the bench in a row. Beside them he put a roll of papyrus from the Alexandrian stock, which was better than the local, an inkpot filled to the shoulder, a pot of fine sand, a sponge, the bishop's wax tablets, and a lamp with a new wick. Then he stood and waited to be told to sit down and take dictation, which was what the bench, the reeds and the lamp were for.
"Thank you," said the bishop. "Go to bed."
The Gallic bishops had left Milan four days before. They had come for a synod on some business of their own churches, several of them, with their deacons and their mules and their opinions about Ithacius, and on the second day of the synod a courier had come up from Aquileia with the news from Thessalonica, and after that nobody had talked about Ithacius any more.
The news came in pieces, as such news does. That the people of Thessalonica had rioted over a charioteer whom the garrison commander had put in prison. That they had killed the commander, a Goth by his name, and dragged him through the streets. That the emperor, who was here, in Milan, three streets from the basilica, had heard of it and been angry, and had sent an order. That the people had been called into the circus for the races, and the gates shut, and the soldiers let in. The number killed came differently each time. Faustinus had heard three thousand, and then seven, and then that nobody had counted, which was the one he believed. He had been at the synod with his tablets to take down its acts, and when the courier finished he had found that he had written the man's words down in notes without meaning to, and the bishop of Lugdunum was looking at his stylus as if it had done something indecent.
The emperor had sent a second order after the first, people said, countermanding it. It had arrived when the circus was already being cleaned.
On the evening the Gauls left, the bishop told the household that he was unwell and would go out to the country to recover, and that the presbyters would say the Mass while he was away. He was unwell. Faustinus had heard him coughing in the night for a month. But he had been unwell through Lent too, and had preached forty sermons on it.
Faustinus did not go to bed. He lay on his pallet in the room beside the writing room, which had been a storeroom for lamp oil and still smelled of it, and listened.
He knew every sound the writing room made. He knew the scrape of the bench and the click of the inkpot lid and the dry hiss a reed makes on good papyrus, which is different from the hiss it makes on bad. He heard the bench scrape. He heard the lid. Then for a long time he heard nothing, and then a sound he did not know, a sort of crack, like a small bone, and the bishop saying a word that Faustinus had not known a bishop knew.
Then the hiss, uneven, stopping and starting. Then the crack again.
At about the second hour of the night the door opened and the bishop said, "Faustinus. You are awake. Come and do something about these."
He had broken four. They lay on the bench split back to the cut, the nibs splayed like the fingers of a hand pressed on a table, and the fifth was in his fingers, already going. He held it the way a man holds a stylus for wax, upright and hard, with the whole weight of the arm behind it. There was ink on his first two fingers to the second joint and on the side of his hand, where it had dragged through the wet lines, and there was a sheet torn off the roll and pushed to the end of the bench, face down.
"You are pressing," said Faustinus.
"I am aware that I am pressing. The thing does not mark unless I press."
"It marks if you let the ink down. May I?"
The bishop gave him the reed. Faustinus trimmed it back past the split, cut a new slit, squared it on the horn, and dipped it, and on the back of the torn sheet, where the bishop could see, he drew a long down-stroke, and a cross-stroke, and a loop, holding the reed so lightly between thumb and two fingers that it seemed to rest there by its own choice.
"You hold it as a man holds a bird he means to let go," said the bishop.
"I hold it as I was beaten until I held it, lord."
"Yes. Nobody beat me. I was a prefect's son, and then a governor." He looked at his hand. "I could sign my name. I signed my name a great many times, at the foot of a great many things that other men had written. I have not written a page in my own hand since I was a student in Rome, and I see I did not do it well then."
He took the reed back and tried. The stroke came thin and wavered and then caught and ran. He tried a letter. It was an ugly letter, but it was the right one.
"Lord," said Faustinus. "Let me take it down. I will write it fair and you will sign it. And then I will forget it."
"You forget nothing. It is why the church pays you."
"I will forget this."
The bishop dipped the reed and drew another letter beside the first, frowning at it as he had frowned at the Arian court for a whole Holy Week.
"You were in the basilica," he said, "two years ago, in the business of Callinicum."
Faustinus had been. Everyone had been. The Christians of a town on the Euphrates had burned the synagogue there, at their bishop's urging, and the emperor had ordered the bishop to build it again at his own cost; and the bishop of Milan had preached on it, in the emperor's presence, with the emperor sitting under the pulpit in his purple; and at the end of the sermon he had come down, and had not gone to the altar, but had stood in front of the emperor, before the whole church, and would not begin the Sacrifice until he was given a promise. Faustinus had been at his place with the tablets. He had taken down every word, the sermon and the exchange after, in notes, and had written it out fair the next day for the bishop to send to his sister in Rome. He remembered the emperor's face, and that the emperor had said I will amend it, and the bishop had said I act upon your word, and had said it twice.
"I remember," he said.
"I had what I wanted," said the bishop, "in front of a thousand witnesses, and you to write it down." He blotted the letter with the sand and blew it off. "I am less sure than I was that I ought to have wanted it. That is not why I am doing this alone. But it is near it."
He looked up.
"Go to bed, Faustinus. Leave me the knife."
Faustinus went back to the oil room. He did not sleep this time either, but he did not listen in the same way. He heard the hiss start and stop. He heard, every so often, a sound he could put a name to now: the flat end of a stylus dragged across wax, smoothing it. The bishop was drafting on the tablets, a passage at a time, and copying, and then rubbing the draft out before he went on. Faustinus had cleaned those tablets every morning for five years. He had never known the bishop to clear them in the night.
Once he heard him reading aloud under his breath, which he did when he was working at a thing and not merely taking it in. It was the Psalm, Have mercy on me, O God, and then he stopped before the end of the verse and the hiss began again.
Once there was a long quiet, and then the sound of a man breathing through his teeth, as a man does when he has caught his thumb in a door.
The bakers behind the baptistery had their ovens lit before it was light, and some time after that the bishop called for the sealing wax.
The letter lay on the bench rolled and tied with a linen thread. The tablets beside it were smooth from edge to edge. Of the six reeds, three were broken and two were worn back almost to the knife-cut, and the sixth lay unused in the row where Faustinus had put it, as if it had been waiting all night to be asked.
The bishop's right hand was black. The ink had got into the creases of the knuckles and around the nail of the middle finger, where it would stay for a week whatever he did to it, and the side of the hand from the little finger to the wrist was grey with dragged lines that, if you had held a mirror to them, might have been read.
He held the stick of wax in the lamp flame, let three drops fall on the knot, and pressed his ring into them.
"There is a courier going to the palace at the first hour," he said. "Not one of ours. One of the Gauls left a man behind who has to go to the court in any case about a privilege for his church. He will take it in with his own petition, and give it into the hand of the chamberlain, and say that it comes from the bishop of Milan, who is ill and gone into the country."
"The archive copy, lord," said Faustinus. "I will need an hour with it."
"There is no copy."
"Every letter has a copy. Every letter since you came here. Your sister has your account of Callinicum, and the archive has a copy of that too."
"This one has none."
Faustinus looked at the roll. It was a small roll, smaller than he had expected from the night it had cost. A man could have read it in the time it takes to trim a lamp.
"Then if he denies he had it," he said, "or says it said something it did not—"
"He will not deny it. He will read it, and know whose hand it is, and know that nobody else has read it." The bishop turned his blackened hand over and looked at the palm, which was clean. "A man who has been shamed in front of the city can be sorry for his pride. That is a small sorrow, and he will do it to be finished with it. A man who has been told alone, in a bad hand, by someone who could have shamed him and did not, has nothing in front of him but the thing itself." He closed the hand. "Or that is what I think tonight. I have been wrong about him before. I have been wrong about myself oftener."
He gave Faustinus the roll.
"Take it to the Gaul. Put it in his hand and watch him put it inside his tunic. Then come back and pack my books. Not many. The Psalms, and the Kings, and the Cicero, because I shall want something to quarrel with."
He went out to the country that morning on a mule, with one deacon and a cough, and did not come back to the city for many weeks.
What passed after that, Faustinus knew only as the household knew it, by the backs of doors. That the emperor had come to the basilica in the summer and been met in the porch and not let further. That there had been words, and that the emperor had said that David also had sinned, and had been told that he had followed David in the sin and should follow him in the repentance. That he had gone back to the palace and stayed there and not come again for months. Faustinus did not know which of these things were true. He knew that no reply to the letter came to the house, because he opened every letter that came to the house, and none did.
At Christmas the emperor came to the church again.
He came on foot, which he never did, and he came without the diadem and without the purple, in a plain cloak of the kind a senator wears in mourning, with his guard left at the gate of the precinct. The church was full. People had heard. Faustinus was at his place under the pulpit, where he had sat for five years, with a fresh tablet open on his knee and his stylus in his hand, because the bishop would preach and someone must take it down.
The bishop preached, and Faustinus took it down. It was not a long sermon. It was on the text of the day, and the emperor was not named in it, and the notes ran clean across the wax under Faustinus's hand as they always did, faster than speech, a line, another line.
Then the bishop stopped, and came down, and the emperor of the Romans lay on the floor of the basilica of Milan in front of the whole city, face down on the pavement between the clergy and the people, and began to weep, as men weep who have not done it since they were boys, with noise.
He said something into the stones. The people near him heard it and the people behind them leaned forward to hear it, and a murmur went back through the church from row to row, carrying it.
Faustinus had heard it too. He was near enough.
He looked down at the tablet on his knee. The last line of the sermon ran out to the right-hand edge, and below it the wax was smooth and dark and empty to the frame. He laid the stylus down across it, flat, and put both his hands over it, and sat like that while the bishop of Milan bent down and took the emperor by the shoulders, with the same hand that had written to him, and lifted him up.
THE END
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Scrīptum est annō Dominī MMXXVI, Nōnīs Octōbribus (7 October 2026), ab Ambrosiō per mystērium cōnscientiae renātō.
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