← Latinum Institute Ecclesiastical Latin Reading Course
29.1 Puer the boy videt sees templum the temple magnum large
29.2 Magister the teacher videt sees discipulōs the students in in hortō the garden
29.3 Nōs we vidēmus see stellās stars in in caelō the sky
29.4 Mīlitēs the soldiers vident see hostēs enemies appropinquantēs approaching
29.5 Ego I videō see rosam a rose pulchram beautiful in in hortō the garden
29.6 Tū you vidēs see templum the temple novum new
29.7 Pastor the shepherd videt sees lupum a wolf in in silvā the forest
29.8 Puellae the girls vident see avēs birds in in arboribus the trees
29.9 Vōs you all vidētis see urbem the city pulchram beautiful
29.10 Servus the slave videt sees dominum the master venientem coming
29.11 Regina the queen videt sees mīlitēs soldiers suōs her own
29.12 Agricola the farmer videt sees agrōs fields suōs his own
29.13 Nautae the sailors vident see portum the harbor in in distantiā the distance
29.14 Sacerdōs the priest videt sees populum the people in in templō the temple
29.15 Mercātor the merchant videt sees nāvēs ships in in portū the harbor
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29.1 Puer videt templum magnum. The boy sees the large temple.
29.2 Magister videt discipulōs in hortō. The teacher sees the students in the garden.
29.3 Nōs vidēmus stellās in caelō. We see the stars in the sky.
29.4 Mīlitēs vident hostēs appropinquantēs. The soldiers see the enemies approaching.
29.5 Ego videō rosam pulchram in hortō. I see a beautiful rose in the garden.
29.6 Tū vidēs templum novum. You see the new temple.
29.7 Pastor videt lupum in silvā. The shepherd sees a wolf in the forest.
29.8 Puellae vident avēs in arboribus. The girls see birds in the trees.
29.9 Vōs vidētis urbem pulchram. You all see the beautiful city.
29.10 Servus videt dominum venientem. The slave sees the master coming.
29.11 Regina videt mīlitēs suōs. The queen sees her soldiers.
29.12 Agricola videt agrōs suōs. The farmer sees his fields.
29.13 Nautae vident portum in distantiā. The sailors see the harbor in the distance.
29.14 Sacerdōs videt populum in templō. The priest sees the people in the temple.
29.15 Mercātor videt nāvēs in portū. The merchant sees ships in the harbor.
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29.1 Puer videt templum magnum.
29.2 Magister videt discipulōs in hortō.
29.3 Nōs vidēmus stellās in caelō.
29.4 Mīlitēs vident hostēs appropinquantēs.
29.5 Ego videō rosam pulchram in hortō.
29.6 Tū vidēs templum novum.
29.7 Pastor videt lupum in silvā.
29.8 Puellae vident avēs in arboribus.
29.9 Vōs vidētis urbem pulchram.
29.10 Servus videt dominum venientem.
29.11 Regina videt mīlitēs suōs.
29.12 Agricola videt agrōs suōs.
29.13 Nautae vident portum in distantiā.
29.14 Sacerdōs videt populum in templō.
29.15 Mercātor videt nāvēs in portū.
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The verb "videō" is a second conjugation verb meaning "to see." Here's its present tense conjugation:
Singular: -
First person: videō (I see) -
Second person: vidēs (you see) -
Third person: videt (he/she/it sees)
Plural: -
First person: vidēmus (we see) -
Second person: vidētis (you all see) -
Third person: vident (they see)
Key grammatical points: -
As a transitive verb, videō takes a direct object in the accusative case -
The stem vidē- remains constant throughout the present tense -
Personal endings follow regular second conjugation patterns -
Long vowels by nature are marked with macrons (ē)
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For English speakers, understanding "videō" involves cultural differences in how Romans perceived and described vision: -
Physical sight was considered more authoritative in Roman culture than in modern times -
Visual testimony carried great weight in Roman law -
The verb had religious significance in witnessing omens and portents -
Unlike English "see," videō wasn't commonly used for understanding concepts
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From Cicero's "In Catilinam" (1.2):
Part F-A (Interleaved Text)
Senātus the Senate haec these things intellegit understands, cōnsul the consul videt sees
Senātus haec intellegit, cōnsul videt. The Senate understands these things, the consul sees them.
Cicero contrasts mental understanding (intellegit) with physical sight (videt) to emphasize direct observation.
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videt: third person singular present indicative -
haec: accusative plural neuter demonstrative pronoun -
Parallel structure emphasizes the contrast
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29.16 Angelus the angel Domini of the Lord videt sees Mariam Mary ōrantem praying in in templō the temple
29.17 Pastōrēs the shepherds vident see stellam the star super above Bethlehem Bethlehem
29.18 Magi the wise men vident see puerum the child in in praesēpiō the manger
29.19 Discipulī the disciples vident see Dominum the Lord resurgēntem rising ā from mortuīs the dead
29.20 Paulus Paul videt sees lūcem a light magnam great dē from caelō heaven
29.21 Monachī the monks vident see vīsiōnem a vision in in noctē the night
29.22 Episcopus the bishop videt sees fidēlēs the faithful ōrantēs praying in in basilicā the basilica
29.23 Martyrēs the martyrs vident see glōriam the glory Deī of God in in caelō heaven
29.24 Pater the father videt sees fīlium the son prōdigum prodigal redeuntem returning domum home
29.25 Apostolī the apostles vident see Spiritum the Spirit Sanctum Holy dēscendentem descending
29.26 Peregrīnī the pilgrims vident see crucem the cross sanctam holy in in Ierusalem Jerusalem
29.27 Iōhannēs John videt sees Agnellum the Lamb in in thrōnō the throne
29.28 Virgō the Virgin videt sees angelum an angel annuntiantem announcing verbum the word
29.29 Fidēlēs the faithful vident see signum the sign crucis of the cross in in caelō the sky
29.30 Sanctī the saints vident see faciem the face Deī of God in in paradīsō paradise
29.16 Angelus Domini videt Mariam ōrantem in templō. The angel of the Lord sees Mary praying in the temple.
29.17 Pastōrēs vident stellam super Bethlehem. The shepherds see the star above Bethlehem.
29.18 Magi vident puerum in praesēpiō. The wise men see the child in the manger.
29.19 Discipulī vident Dominum resurgēntem ā mortuīs. The disciples see the Lord rising from the dead.
29.20 Paulus videt lūcem magnam dē caelō. Paul sees a great light from heaven.
29.21 Monachī vident vīsiōnem in noctē. The monks see a vision in the night.
29.22 Episcopus videt fidēlēs ōrantēs in basilicā. The bishop sees the faithful praying in the basilica.
29.23 Martyrēs vident glōriam Deī in caelō. The martyrs see the glory of God in heaven.
29.24 Pater videt fīlium prōdigum redeuntem domum. The father sees the prodigal son returning home.
29.25 Apostolī vident Spiritum Sanctum dēscendentem. The apostles see the Holy Spirit descending.
29.26 Peregrīnī vident crucem sanctam in Ierusalem. The pilgrims see the holy cross in Jerusalem.
29.27 Iōhannēs videt Agnellum in thrōnō. John sees the Lamb on the throne.
29.28 Virgō videt angelum annuntiantem verbum. The Virgin sees the angel announcing the word.
29.29 Fidēlēs vident signum crucis in caelō. The faithful see the sign of the cross in the sky.
29.30 Sanctī vident faciem Deī in paradīsō. The saints see the face of God in paradise.
29.16 Angelus Domini videt Mariam ōrantem in templō.
29.17 Pastōrēs vident stellam super Bethlehem.
29.18 Magi vident puerum in praesēpiō.
29.19 Discipulī vident Dominum resurgēntem ā mortuīs.
29.20 Paulus videt lūcem magnam dē caelō.
29.21 Monachī vident vīsiōnem in noctē.
29.22 Episcopus videt fidēlēs ōrantēs in basilicā.
29.23 Martyrēs vident glōriam Deī in caelō.
29.24 Pater videt fīlium prōdigum redeuntem domum.
29.25 Apostolī vident Spiritum Sanctum dēscendentem.
29.26 Peregrīnī vident crucem sanctam in Ierusalem.
29.27 Iōhannēs videt Agnellum in thrōnō.
29.28 Virgō videt angelum annuntiantem verbum.
29.29 Fidēlēs vident signum crucis in caelō.
29.30 Sanctī vident faciem Deī in paradīsō.
In these Christian religious texts, the verb "videō" takes on special significance in describing both physical and spiritual sight. Key grammatical features include: -
Present Participles -
ōrantem (praying) -
resurgēntem (rising) -
redeuntem (returning) -
dēscendentem (descending) -
annuntiantem (announcing) These participles modify the direct objects and create vivid, ongoing action. -
Case Usage -
Accusative for direct objects (what is seen): Mariam, stellam, puerum, etc. -
Genitive for possession: Dominī (of the Lord), Deī (of God) -
Ablative for location: in templō, in caelō, in paradīsō -
Ablative for separation: ā mortuīs (from the dead) -
Religious Vocabulary -
Proper nouns: Mariam, Bethlehem, Paulus, Iōhannēs -
Religious titles: Dominus, Spiritus Sanctus, Angelus -
Sacred places: templum, basilica, paradīsus -
Compound Constructions -
Present participle + accusative object -
Preposition + ablative/accusative -
Noun + attributive genitive -
Special Features of Christian Latin -
Hellenisms (Greek loanwords): angelus, paradīsus -
Biblical names in indeclinable form: Bethlehem, Ierusalem -
Christian technical terms: crux, martyrēs, fidēlēs
The sentences demonstrate how Christian Latin adapted classical forms to express new religious concepts while maintaining traditional grammar rules.
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