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Lesson 87
87 of 101 lessons

Lesson 87

Part A (Spanish and English Detailed Interlinear Text)

87.1 La the luz light está is apagada off

87.2 Él he se himself bajó got down del from-the autobús bus

87.3 Hoy today tengo I-have el the día day libre off

87.4 Quítate take-off los the zapatos shoes por for favor favor

87.5 La the reunión meeting fue was cancelada cancelled

87.6 El the avión airplane despegó took-off a at las the seis six

87.7 Ella she cortó cut un a trozo piece de of pan bread

87.8 La the pintura paint se itself está is desprendiendo coming-off de from la the pared wall

87.9 Mi my hermano brother vive lives lejos far-off de from aquí here

87.10 El the descuento discount es is del of-the veinte twenty por per ciento hundred

87.11 Se himself quitó took-off el the abrigo coat rápidamente quickly

87.12 La the televisión television está is apagada off desde since ayer yesterday

87.13 El the gato cat saltó jumped de off la the mesa table

87.14 Mañana tomorrow es is mi my día day libre off del from-the trabajo work

87.15 La the alarma alarm se itself apagó turned-off sola alone

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Part B (Complete Spanish Sentences with English Translation)

87.1 La luz está apagada. The light is off.

87.2 Él se bajó del autobús. He got off the bus.

87.3 Hoy tengo el día libre. Today I have the day off.

87.4 Quítate los zapatos por favor. Take off your shoes please.

87.5 La reunión fue cancelada. The meeting was called off.

87.6 El avión despegó a las seis. The plane took off at six.

87.7 Ella cortó un trozo de pan. She cut off a piece of bread.

87.8 La pintura se está desprendiendo de la pared. The paint is coming off the wall.

87.9 Mi hermano vive lejos de aquí. My brother lives far off from here.

87.10 El descuento es del veinte por ciento. The discount is twenty percent off.

87.11 Se quitó el abrigo rápidamente. He took off his coat quickly.

87.12 La televisión está apagada desde ayer. The television has been off since yesterday.

87.13 El gato saltó de la mesa. The cat jumped off the table.

87.14 Mañana es mi día libre del trabajo. Tomorrow is my day off from work.

87.15 La alarma se apagó sola. The alarm turned off by itself.

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Part C (Spanish Text Only)

87.1 La luz está apagada.

87.2 Él se bajó del autobús.

87.3 Hoy tengo el día libre.

87.4 Quítate los zapatos por favor.

87.5 La reunión fue cancelada.

87.6 El avión despegó a las seis.

87.7 Ella cortó un trozo de pan.

87.8 La pintura se está desprendiendo de la pared.

87.9 Mi hermano vive lejos de aquí.

87.10 El descuento es del veinte por ciento.

87.11 Se quitó el abrigo rápidamente.

87.12 La televisión está apagada desde ayer.

87.13 El gato saltó de la mesa.

87.14 Mañana es mi día libre del trabajo.

87.15 La alarma se apagó sola.

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Part D (Grammar Explanation for English Speakers)

The English word "off" translates to Spanish in various ways depending on its usage: -

Apagado/a - Used for electrical devices or lights being turned off -

Example: La luz está apagada (The light is off) -

Note: This is an adjective that must agree in gender with the noun -

Fuera de/De - Used for physical separation or removal -

Example: saltó de la mesa (jumped off the table) -

De is used after verbs of motion like saltar (jump), bajar (get down) -

Libre - Used for time off from work or obligations -

Example: día libre (day off) -

This literally means "free day" -

Quitar(se) - Used for taking off clothing or objects -

Example: Quítate los zapatos (Take off your shoes) -

The reflexive form (quitarse) is used when removing from oneself -

Despegar - Specifically for airplanes taking off -

Example: El avión despegó (The plane took off) -

This is a specialized verb for aviation -

Cancelar - Used for calling off events -

Example: La reunión fue cancelada (The meeting was called off) -

Spanish uses the passive voice here

Key Grammar Points for English Speakers: -

Spanish doesn't have a single word equivalent to "off" -

Context determines which Spanish word or phrase to use -

Adjectives like "apagado" must agree in gender (apagado/apagada) -

Many "off" constructions use reflexive verbs in Spanish (quitarse, bajarse)

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Part E (Cultural Context)

Understanding "off" in Spanish-speaking cultures reveals interesting cultural differences: -

Work-Life Balance: In Spain and many Latin American countries, "días libres" (days off) are highly valued. The concept of "puente" (bridge) - taking a day off between a holiday and weekend - is common and culturally accepted. -

Siesta Culture: In Spain, many shops are "cerradas" (closed/off) during afternoon hours (14:00-17:00), reflecting the traditional siesta time. This is less common in Latin America. -

Energy Conservation: Spanish speakers often use "apagar" (turn off) more consciously than English speakers. There's a cultural emphasis on not wasting electricity - "apaga la luz" (turn off the light) is a common parental reminder. -

Transportation: "Bajarse del autobús" (get off the bus) - In many Spanish-speaking countries, you must actively signal or tell the driver when you want to get off, unlike some English-speaking countries with request stops. -

Discounts: "Descuento" or "rebaja" (off/discount) - Bargaining is more culturally acceptable in many Spanish-speaking markets, especially in Latin America, where prices are often negotiable. -

Personal Space: Taking off shoes ("quitarse los zapatos") when entering homes is not as universal in Spanish-speaking cultures as in some English-speaking contexts. It varies by country and family tradition.

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Part F (Literary Citation)

From "La Casa de Bernarda Alba" by Federico García Lorca (1936):

"Quitaos de la puerta. No es éste vuestro sitio. La criada se marchó anoche. Volved a vuestras casas y contad lo que habéis visto. ¡Fuera! ¡Fuera de aquí todas!"

Part F-A (Interleaved Text for Beginners)

Quitaos remove-yourselves de from la the puerta door. No not es is éste this vuestro your sitio place. La the criada maid se herself marchó left anoche last-night. Volved return a to vuestras your casas houses y and contad tell lo that que which habéis you-have visto seen. ¡Fuera! out! ¡Fuera out de from aquí here todas! all-of-you!

Part F-B (Complete Translation)

"Quitaos de la puerta. No es éste vuestro sitio. La criada se marchó anoche. Volved a vuestras casas y contad lo que habéis visto. ¡Fuera! ¡Fuera de aquí todas!"

"Get away from the door. This is not your place. The maid left last night. Go back to your houses and tell what you have seen. Get out! All of you get out of here!"

Part F-C (Literary Analysis)

Lorca uses multiple forms of "off" in this passage from his tragedy about oppression in rural Spain. "Quitaos" (take yourselves off/away) and "Fuera" (out/off) demonstrate the authoritarian character of Bernarda Alba dismissing the townswomen. The repetition of "Fuera" emphasizes her desire to remove unwanted presences from her domain.

Part F-D (Grammatical Notes)

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"Quitaos" - Imperative form with reflexive pronoun "os" (yourselves) attached -

"de la puerta" - "from the door" showing movement away -

"se marchó" - Reflexive verb meaning "went off/left" -

"Fuera" - Adverb meaning "out/outside/off" used as an interjection -

"Fuera de aquí" - Prepositional phrase meaning "out of here/off from here" -

Note the use of "vosotros" forms (quitaos, vuestro, habéis) typical of Peninsular Spanish

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Genre Section: Mystery/Detective Fiction

Section A (Spanish and English Detailed Interlinear Text)

87.16 El the detective detective se himself quitó took-off el the sombrero hat al upon-the entrar entering en in la the oficina office oscura dark

87.17 Las the huellas footprints se themselves cortaban cut-off bruscamente abruptly en at el the borde edge del of-the acantilado cliff

87.18 Alguien someone había had arrancado torn-off la the última last página page del of-the diario diary secreto secret

87.19 La the alarma alarm estaba was desconectada off cuando when los the ladrones thieves entraron entered

87.20 El the asesino murderer huyó fled saltando jumping del from-the tren train en in marcha motion

87.21 Habían they-had cortado cut-off todas all las the comunicaciones communications con with el the exterior outside

87.22 La the víctima victim tenía had el the anillo ring de of bodas wedding quitado taken-off

87.23 El the sospechoso suspect despegó took-off hacia toward México Mexico esa that misma same noche night

87.24 Encontraron they-found la the pistola pistol tirada thrown-off a at cien hundred metros meters del from-the lugar place

87.25 La the electricidad electricity había had sido been cortada cut-off deliberadamente deliberately

87.26 El the mayordomo butler se himself tomó took libre off el the día day del of-the crimen crime

87.27 Alguien someone había had desprendido peeled-off la the etiqueta label del from-the frasco bottle de of veneno poison

87.28 La the coartada alibi se itself vino came abajo down/off cuando when apareció appeared el the testigo witness

87.29 El the inspector inspector notó noticed que that faltaba was-missing un a botón button del from-the abrigo coat

87.30 Las the cámaras cameras de of seguridad security estuvieron were apagadas off exactamente exactly diez ten minutos minutes

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Section B (Complete Spanish Sentences with English Translation)

87.16 El detective se quitó el sombrero al entrar en la oficina oscura. The detective took off his hat upon entering the dark office.

87.17 Las huellas se cortaban bruscamente en el borde del acantilado. The footprints cut off abruptly at the edge of the cliff.

87.18 Alguien había arrancado la última página del diario secreto. Someone had torn off the last page of the secret diary.

87.19 La alarma estaba desconectada cuando los ladrones entraron. The alarm was off when the thieves entered.

87.20 El asesino huyó saltando del tren en marcha. The murderer fled by jumping off the moving train.

87.21 Habían cortado todas las comunicaciones con el exterior. They had cut off all communications with the outside.

87.22 La víctima tenía el anillo de bodas quitado. The victim had their wedding ring taken off.

87.23 El sospechoso despegó hacia México esa misma noche. The suspect took off for Mexico that very night.

87.24 Encontraron la pistola tirada a cien metros del lugar. They found the gun thrown off a hundred meters from the scene.

87.25 La electricidad había sido cortada deliberadamente. The electricity had been deliberately cut off.

87.26 El mayordomo se tomó libre el día del crimen. The butler took the day off on the day of the crime.

87.27 Alguien había desprendido la etiqueta del frasco de veneno. Someone had peeled off the label from the poison bottle.

87.28 La coartada se vino abajo cuando apareció el testigo. The alibi fell off when the witness appeared.

87.29 El inspector notó que faltaba un botón del abrigo. The inspector noticed that a button was off the coat.

87.30 Las cámaras de seguridad estuvieron apagadas exactamente diez minutos. The security cameras were off for exactly ten minutes.

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Section C (Spanish Text Only)

87.16 El detective se quitó el sombrero al entrar en la oficina oscura.

87.17 Las huellas se cortaban bruscamente en el borde del acantilado.

87.18 Alguien había arrancado la última página del diario secreto.

87.19 La alarma estaba desconectada cuando los ladrones entraron.

87.20 El asesino huyó saltando del tren en marcha.

87.21 Habían cortado todas las comunicaciones con el exterior.

87.22 La víctima tenía el anillo de bodas quitado.

87.23 El sospechoso despegó hacia México esa misma noche.

87.24 Encontraron la pistola tirada a cien metros del lugar.

87.25 La electricidad había sido cortada deliberadamente.

87.26 El mayordomo se tomó libre el día del crimen.

87.27 Alguien había desprendido la etiqueta del frasco de veneno.

87.28 La coartada se vino abajo cuando apareció el testigo.

87.29 El inspector notó que faltaba un botón del abrigo.

87.30 Las cámaras de seguridad estuvieron apagadas exactamente diez minutos.

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Section D (Grammar Notes for Mystery Genre)

Mystery and detective fiction in Spanish employs specific uses of "off" that create suspense and reveal clues: -

Past Perfect Tense with "off" actions: -

"Había sido cortada" (had been cut off) -

"Habían cortado" (they had cut off) -

These forms suggest actions completed before the crime -

Passive Voice for mysterious circumstances: -

"La alarma estaba desconectada" (the alarm was off/disconnected) -

Creates ambiguity about who performed the action -

Reflexive Verbs for sudden actions: -

"se cortaban" (cut off/ended abruptly) -

"se vino abajo" (fell off/collapsed) -

Adds dramatic effect to revelations -

Participles as adjectives: -

"quitado" (taken off) -

"tirada" (thrown off) -

Describes states resulting from suspicious actions -

Time-specific "off" references: -

"se tomó libre el día del crimen" (took the day off on the crime day) -

"estuvieron apagadas exactamente diez minutos" (were off for exactly ten minutes) -

Establishes alibis or suspicious timing -

Metaphorical uses: -

"La coartada se vino abajo" (The alibi fell off/collapsed) -

Common in Spanish detective fiction for revealing falsehoods

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