Lesson 5

Isifundo 5: "a" (umsindo ongenacala) (Lesson 5: "a" (indefinite article))

Section A (Interleaved English and Zulu Text)

5.1 A bird inyoni flies indiza in ku the sky isibhakabhaka

5.2 A dog inja runs igijima in ku the park ipaki

5.3 A student umfundi reads ufunda a book incwadi

5.4 A teacher uthisha writes ubhala on ku a board ibhodi

5.5 A car imoto stops ima at ku a light isibani

5.6 A flower imbali grows ikhula in ku a garden ingadi

5.7 A child ingane plays idlala with no a ball ibhola

5.8 A cat ikati drinks iphuza from ku a bowl isitsha

5.9 A farmer umlimi plants utshala a seed imbewu

5.10 A man indoda walks ihamba down phansi a street umgwaqo

5.11 A woman owesifazane carries uphatha a bag isikhwama

5.12 A boy umfana rides ugibela a bicycle ibhayisikili

5.13 A girl intombazane draws idweba a picture isithombe

5.14 A bird inyoni builds yakha a nest isidleke

5.15 A tree isihlahla casts senza a shadow isithunzi

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Section B (Complete English Sentences with Zulu Translation)

5.1 A bird flies in the sky. Inyoni indiza esibhakabhakeni.

5.2 A dog runs in the park. Inja igijima epaki.

5.3 A student reads a book. Umfundi ufunda incwadi.

5.4 A teacher writes on a board. Uthisha ubhala ebhodini.

5.5 A car stops at a light. Imoto ima esibanini.

5.6 A flower grows in a garden. Imbali ikhula engadini.

5.7 A child plays with a ball. Ingane idlala ngebhola.

5.8 A cat drinks from a bowl. Ikati iphuza esitsheni.

5.9 A farmer plants a seed. Umlimi utshala imbewu.

5.10 A man walks down a street. Indoda ihamba emgwaqweni.

5.11 A woman carries a bag. Owesifazane uphatha isikhwama.

5.12 A boy rides a bicycle. Umfana ugibela ibhayisikili.

5.13 A girl draws a picture. Intombazane idweba isithombe.

5.14 A bird builds a nest. Inyoni yakha isidleke.

5.15 A tree casts a shadow. Isihlahla senza isithunzi.

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Section C (English Text Only)

5.1 A bird flies in the sky.

5.2 A dog runs in the park.

5.3 A student reads a book.

5.4 A teacher writes on a board.

5.5 A car stops at a light.

5.6 A flower grows in a garden.

5.7 A child plays with a ball.

5.8 A cat drinks from a bowl.

5.9 A farmer plants a seed.

5.10 A man walks down a street.

5.11 A woman carries a bag.

5.12 A boy rides a bicycle.

5.13 A girl draws a picture.

5.14 A bird builds a nest.

5.15 A tree casts a shadow.

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Section D (Grammatical Explanation in Zulu)

Ukusetshenziswa kwe "a" esiNgisini: -

"A" iyisakhi esingacaci (indefinite article) esiNgisini. IsiZulu asinalutho olufana nayo ngqo. -

Sisetshenziswa: -

Uma sikhuluma ngento eyodwa kodwa engakhethekile -

Uma siqala ukukhuluma ngento esizoyichaza -

Ngaphambi kwezinto ezingabalwa (countable nouns) -

Umsindo we "a": -

Ngaphambi konkamisa: "an" (/æn/) -

Ngaphambi kongwaqa: "a" (/ə/) -

IsiZulu asivamile ukusebenzisa izakhi ezinjengalezi. Isibonelo: -

IsiNgisi: "a dog" -

IsiZulu: "inja" (asiqali ngo "i-" njengesiboniso)

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Section E (Cultural Note in Zulu)

Emasikweni esiZulu, izinto zivame ukuchazwa ngendlela ehlukile kunesiNgisi. IsiZulu sibeka umqondo wento ngaphandle kwesidingo sokukhombisa ukuthi iyodwa noma ziningi ngokusebenzisa amagama afana no "a".

Isibonelo: -

IsiZulu: "Ngibona inja" -

IsiNgisi: "I see a dog"

Lokhu kukhombisa umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezilimi zombili. Uma sifunda isiNgisi, kumele siqaphele ukuthi "a" ibalulekile ekwakheni imisho.

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Section F (Literary Quote)

Part F-A (Interleaved English-Zulu)

"A dream iphupho deferred" elibalekelwe - Langston Hughes uLangston Hughes

"What happens kwenzakalani to ku a dream iphupho deferred?" elibalekelwe?

Part F-B (Complete Translation)

"A Dream Deferred" - Iphupho Elibalekelwe "What happens to a dream deferred?" - Kwenzakalani ephusheni elibalekelwe?

Part F-C (Literary Analysis)

Le nkondlo kaLangston Hughes ikhuluma ngamaphupho angafezekile. Ukusetshenziswa kwe "a" lapha kukhombisa ukuthi sikhuluma ngephupho elithile, kodwa futhi lingaba yinoma yiliphi iphupho.

Part F-D (Grammatical Notes)

Enkondlweni, "a dream" isetshenziswa: -

Njengento engakhethekile ("a" = noma yiliphi iphupho) -

Kodwa futhi ibalulekile (iphupho elikhethekile) -

"A" lapha lisebenza ukwenza umqondo obanzi kodwa futhi othinta wonke umuntu

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Genre Section: Nature Descriptions

Section A (Interleaved English and Zulu Text)

5.16 A butterfly uvemvane lands wehlela on ku a bright -khanyayo flower imbali

5.17 A rainbow umnyama appears uvela after emva a storm isiphepho

5.18 A leaf iqabunga falls liwa from ku a tall -de tree isihlahla

5.19 A river umfula flows ugeleza through ku a valley isigodi

5.20 A hummingbird inyoni encane sips iphuza from ku a nectar ujika wezimbali

5.21 A cloud ifu drifts intanta across ku a blue luhlaza sky isibhakabhaka

5.22 A deer impala drinks iphuza from ku a clear cwebe stream umfudlana

5.23 A bee inyosi buzzes izunza around ku a garden ingadi

5.24 A sunflower ilanga turns ijika toward ku a sunrise ukuphuma kwelanga

5.25 A breeze umoya rustles unyakazisa through ku a meadow ithafa

5.26 A frog isele jumps ligxuma into ku a pond ichibi

5.27 A swan ihansa glides intanta across ku a lake ichibi

5.28 A firefly umswenya glows uyakhanya in ku a dark mnyama forest ihlathi

5.29 A squirrel igundane gathers iqoqa a nut i-athi

5.30 A waterfall impophoma cascades iwa down phansi a cliff idwala

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Section B (Complete English Sentences with Zulu Translation)

5.16 A butterfly lands on a bright flower. Uvemvane wehlela embatshini ekhanyayo.

5.17 A rainbow appears after a storm. Umnyama uvela emva kwesiphepho.

5.18 A leaf falls from a tall tree. Iqabunga liwa esihlahleni eside.

5.19 A river flows through a valley. Umfula ugeleza esigodini.

5.20 A hummingbird sips from a nectar. Inyoni encane iphuza ujika wezimbali.

5.21 A cloud drifts across a blue sky. Ifu lintanta esibhakabhakeni esiluhlaza.

5.22 A deer drinks from a clear stream. Impala iphuza emfuleni ocwebile.

5.23 A bee buzzes around a garden. Inyosi izunza engadini.

5.24 A sunflower turns toward a sunrise. Ilanga lijika ngaselangeni eliphuma.

5.25 A breeze rustles through a meadow. Umoya unyakazisa ethafeni.

5.26 A frog jumps into a pond. Isele ligxuma echibini.

5.27 A swan glides across a lake. Ihansa intanta echibini.

5.28 A firefly glows in a dark forest. Umswenya uyakhanya ehlatshini elimnyama.

5.29 A squirrel gathers a nut. Igundane liqoqa i-athi.

5.30 A waterfall cascades down a cliff. Impophoma iwa phansi edwaleni.

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Section C (English Text Only)

5.16 A butterfly lands on a bright flower.

5.17 A rainbow appears after a storm.

5.18 A leaf falls from a tall tree.

5.19 A river flows through a valley.

5.20 A hummingbird sips from a nectar.

5.21 A cloud drifts across a blue sky.

5.22 A deer drinks from a clear stream.

5.23 A bee buzzes around a garden.

5.24 A sunflower turns toward a sunrise.

5.25 A breeze rustles through a meadow.

5.26 A frog jumps into a pond.

5.27 A swan glides across a lake.

5.28 A firefly glows in a dark forest.

5.29 A squirrel gathers a nut.

5.30 A waterfall cascades down a cliff.

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Section D (Grammatical Explanation in Zulu)

Ukusetshenziswa kwe "a" emibhalweni yemvelo: -

Izindlela ezikhethekile zokusetshenziswa kwe "a" uma sichaza imvelo: -

Izinto ezizimele zodwa: -

"a butterfly" (uvemvane oyedwa) -

"a rainbow" (umnyama owodwa) -

Lapha "a" isetshenziselwa ukukhombisa into eyodwa kweziningi -

Izinto ezingabalwa: -

"a leaf" (iqabunga elilodwa) -

"a cloud" (ifu elilodwa) -

Zonke lezi zinto zingabalwa, ngakho zisebenzisa "a" -

Ukuhlanganisa "a" nezichasiselo: -

"a bright flower" (imbali ekhanyayo) -

"a clear stream" (umfudlana ocwebile) -

"a dark forest" (ihlathi elimnyama) -

IsiNgisi sibeka "a" ngaphambi kwesichasiselo, kanti isiZulu sibeka isichasiselo ngemuva kwento -

Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko noma isenzo: -

Inhloko: "A butterfly lands..." (Uvemvane wehlela...) -

Into ethintekayo: "...on a bright flower" (...embatshini ekhanyayo) -

IsiNgisi sidinga "a" kuzo zombili izindawo, kanti isiZulu asiyidingi -

Imithetho ebalulekile yokufunda: -

"A" isetshenziswa ngaphambi kwezinto ezingabalwa kuphela -

Uma into iphindwa embhalweni, iguquka iba "the" esikhundleni sika "a" -

"A" usetshenziselwa izinto ezintsha embhalweni -

Umehluko phakathi kwesiZulu nesiNgisi: -

IsiZulu: Sisebenzisa iziqalo zamagama (ama-, izi-, etc.) -

IsiNgisi: Sisebenzisa "a" njengegama eliseceleni -

Lokhu kubalulekile uma sifunda ukuloba imibhalo yemvelo esiNgisini -

Izibonelo ezinezincazelo eziningi: -

"A waterfall" - ingaba yinoma iyiphi impophoma -

"The waterfall" - leyo mpophoma ethile esiyaziyo -

IsiZulu sisebenzisa "impophoma" kuzo zombili izimo

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Lesi sifundo sikhombisa ukuthi "a" isetshenziswa kanjani uma sichaza izinto zemvelo. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi noma isiZulu singenazo lezi zindlela zokukhomba izinto ngamanye amagama, kodwa isiNgisi sidinga "a" ukwakha imisho enomqondo ophelele.

Qaphela: Uma ubhala noma ukhuluma ngezinto zemvelo esiNgisini, kumele uqale ngokucabanga ukuthi into oyichazayo iyodwa yini (a/an) noma uyayazi/ikhethekile (the). Lokhu kuzokunike isiqiniseko sokuthi usebenzisa "a" ngendlela efanele.

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