Claudius et Leo Eboraci - Claudius and the Lion of York

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Part A (Interleaved Text)

1.1 Claudius Claudius gladiātor gladiator fortissimus most brave ex from Siciliā Sicily in to Britanniam Britain missus sent est was ubi where in in Eborācō York pugnātūrus about to fight erat was

1.2 Lūdī games magnī great in in hōnōrem honor imperātōris of emperor parābantur were being prepared et and multī many gladiātōrēs gladiators ex from omnibus all prōvinciīs provinces convocātī called together erant were

1.3 Inter among captīvōs captives quī who in in arēnā arena pugnāre to fight dēbēbant had to erat was leō lion ingēns huge ex from Āfricā Africa nūper recently adductus brought

1.4 Claudius Claudius maximō with greatest cūrā care sē himself exercēbat was training et and cotīdiē daily corpus body validum strong armīs with weapons gravibus heavy firmābat was strengthening

1.5 Multī many aliī other gladiātōrēs gladiators ex from variīs various terris lands vēnerant had come sīcut just as archaeologī archaeologists posterī later ex from smaltō enamel dentium of teeth in in ossibus bones inventīs discovered comprobaverunt confirmed

1.6 Diēs day certāminis of contest tandem finally advēnit arrived et and multitūdō crowd ingēns huge in into amphitheātrō amphitheater convēnit gathered

1.7 Claudius Claudius armātus armed galeā with helmet loricā breastplate et and gladiō sword brevī short in into arēnam arena prōgressus having advanced est is

1.8 Subitō suddenly portae gates āltae tall apertae opened sunt were et and leō lion terrībilis terrible rugiens roaring prōsiluit leaped forth

1.9 Spectātōrēs spectators clāmōre with shout magnō great bēstiam beast salūtāvērunt greeted sed but Claudius Claudius immōbilis motionless stābat was standing sē himself parāns preparing

1.10 Leō lion celeriter quickly circum around arēnam arena currēbat was running praedam prey exspectāns awaiting et and dentēs teeth acutōs sharp ostendens showing

1.11 Claudius Claudius cautē cautiously sē himself movēbat was moving memor mindful artium of skills quas which magister teacher docuerat had taught eum him in in lūdō training school gladiātōriō gladiatorial

1.12 Tandem finally leō lion magnō with great impetū attack prōsiluit leaped forth et and Claudium Claudius petīvit attacked faucibus with jaws hiantibus gaping

1.13 Gladiātor gladiator celeriter quickly sē himself flexit bent sed but bēstia beast humerum shoulder eius his graviter severely vulnerāvit wounded dentibus with teeth acūtīs sharp

1.14 Sanguine with blood fluente flowing Claudius Claudius fortiter bravely resistēbat was resisting et and gladium sword in into latus side leōnis of lion impulit drove

1.15 Bēstia beast vulnerāta wounded horribiliter horribly rugiens roaring iterum again impetum attack fēcit made et and collum neck gladiātōris of gladiator petīvit attacked

1.16 Certāmen struggle crūdēle cruel diū for long continuābat was continuing et and spectātōrēs spectators attonitī astonished fortitūdinem courage virī of man laudābant were praising

1.17 Tandem finally Claudius Claudius ultimīs with last vīribus strengths glōbum ball pīceum pitch-covered ardentem burning quem which sub under harēnā sand cēlāverat had hidden prehendit seized

1.18 Flammās flames in into oculos eyes leōnis of lion conicit throws et and dum while bēstia beast caeca blind et and confūsa confused rugit roars gladium sword in into cor heart eius its dēfīxit drove down

1.19 Leō lion mortuus dead concidit fell et and Claudius Claudius victor victorious sed but graviter seriously saucius wounded stābat stood dum while populus people clāmat shouts et and plaudit applauds

1.20 Post after paucōs few diēs days Claudius Claudius vulneribus from wounds mortuus dead est is et and in in sepulcrētō cemetery Eborācī of York cum with honōre honor sepultus buried est was ubi where archaeologī archaeologists post after multa many saecula centuries ossa bones eius his et and signa marks dentium of teeth leōnis of lion invēnērunt found

Part B (Complete Latin Text)

1.1 Claudius gladiātor fortissimus ex Siciliā in Britanniam missus est ubi in Eborācō pugnātūrus erat.

1.2 Lūdī magnī in hōnōrem imperātōris parābantur et multī gladiātōrēs ex omnibus prōvinciīs convocātī erant.

1.3 Inter captīvōs quī in arēnā pugnāre dēbēbant erat leō ingēns ex Āfricā nūper adductus.

1.4 Claudius maximō cūrā sē exercēbat et cotīdiē corpus validum armīs gravibus firmābat.

1.5 Multī aliī gladiātōrēs ex variīs terris vēnerant sīcut archaeologī posterī ex smaltō dentium in ossibus inventīs comprobaverunt.

1.6 Diēs certāminis tandem advēnit et multitūdō ingēns in amphitheātrō convēnit.

1.7 Claudius armātus galeā, loricā et gladiō brevī in arēnam prōgressus est.

1.8 Subitō portae āltae apertae sunt et leō terrībilis rugiens prōsiluit.

1.9 Spectātōrēs clāmōre magnō bēstiam salūtāvērunt sed Claudius immōbilis stābat sē parāns.

1.10 Leō celeriter circum arēnam currēbat praedam exspectāns et dentēs acutōs ostendens.

1.11 Claudius cautē sē movēbat memor artium quas magister docuerat eum in lūdō gladiātōriō.

1.12 Tandem leō magnō impetū prōsiluit et Claudium petīvit faucibus hiantibus.

1.13 Gladiātor celeriter sē flexit sed bēstia humerum eius graviter vulnerāvit dentibus acūtīs.

1.14 Sanguine fluente Claudius fortiter resistēbat et gladium in latus leōnis impulit.

1.15 Bēstia vulnerāta horribiliter rugiens iterum impetum fēcit et collum gladiātōris petīvit.

1.16 Certāmen crūdēle diū continuābat et spectātōrēs attonitī fortitūdinem virī laudābant.

1.17 Tandem Claudius ultimīs vīribus glōbum pīceum ardentem quem sub harēnā cēlāverat prehendit.

1.18 Flammās in oculos leōnis conicit et dum bēstia caeca et confūsa rugit gladium in cor eius dēfīxit.

1.19 Leō mortuus concidit et Claudius victor sed graviter saucius stābat dum populus clāmat et plaudit.

1.20 Post paucōs diēs Claudius vulneribus mortuus est et in sepulcrētō Eborācī cum honōre sepultus est ubi archaeologī post multa saecula ossa eius et signa dentium leōnis invēnērunt.

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Claudius et Leo Eboraci (In Ōrātiōne Oblīquā) - Claudius and the Lion of York (In Indirect Speech)

Part A (Interleaved Text)

1.1 Fāma rumor est is Claudium Claudius gladiātōrem gladiator fortissimum most brave ex from Siciliā Sicily in to Britanniam Britain missum sent esse to be ubi where in in Eborācō York pugnātūrus about to fight esset he would be

1.2 Dīcitur it is said lūdōs games magnōs great in in hōnōrem honor imperātōris of emperor parātōs prepared esse to be et and multōs many gladiātōrēs gladiators ex from omnibus all prōvinciīs provinces convocātōs called together esse to be

1.3 Memorant they relate inter among captīvōs captives quī who in in arēnā arena pugnāre to fight dēbērent had to fuisse to have been leōnem lion ingentem huge ex from Āfricā Africa nūper recently adductum brought

1.4 Trāditur it is reported Claudium Claudius maximō with greatest cūrā care sē himself exercuisse to have trained et and cotīdiē daily corpus body validum strong armīs with weapons gravibus heavy firmāvisse to have strengthened

1.5 Auctōrēs authorities sunt are multōs many aliōs other gladiātōrēs gladiators ex from variīs various terris lands vēnisse to have come sīcut just as archaeologōs archaeologists posterōs later ex from smaltō enamel dentium of teeth in in ossibus bones inventīs discovered comprobāvisse to have confirmed

1.6 Dīcitur it is said diem day certāminis of contest tandem finally advēnisse to have arrived et and multitūdinem crowd ingentem huge in into amphitheātrō amphitheater convēnisse to have gathered

1.7 Ferunt they say Claudium Claudius armātum armed galeā with helmet loricā breastplate et and gladiō sword brevī short in into arēnam arena prōgressum having advanced esse to be

1.8 Narrātur it is told subitō suddenly portās gates āltās tall apertās opened esse to be et and leōnem lion terribilem terrible rugientem roaring prōsiluisse to have leaped forth

1.9 Memoriae to memory prōditum handed down est is spectātōrēs spectators clāmōre with shout magnō great bēstiam beast salūtāvisse to have greeted sed but Claudium Claudius immōbilem motionless stetisse to have stood sē himself parantem preparing

1.10 Trāditum handed down est is leōnem lion celeriter quickly circum around arēnam arena cucurrisse to have run praedam prey exspectantem awaiting et and dentēs teeth acutōs sharp ostendentem showing

1.11 Dīcunt they say Claudium Claudius cautē cautiously sē himself mōvisse to have moved memorem mindful artium of skills quās which magister teacher docuisset had taught eum him in in lūdō training school gladiātōriō gladiatorial

1.12 Memorant they relate tandem finally leōnem lion magnō with great impetū attack prōsiluisse to have leaped forth et and Claudium Claudius petīvisse to have attacked faucibus with jaws hiantibus gaping

1.13 Trāditur it is reported gladiātōrem gladiator celeriter quickly sē himself flexisse to have bent sed but bēstiam beast humerum shoulder eius his graviter severely vulnerāvisse to have wounded dentibus with teeth acūtīs sharp

1.14 Ferunt they say sanguine with blood fluente flowing Claudium Claudius fortiter bravely restitisse to have resisted et and gladium sword in into latus side leōnis of lion impulisse to have driven

1.15 Narrātur it is told bēstiam beast vulnerātam wounded horribiliter horribly rugientem roaring iterum again impetum attack fēcisse to have made et and collum neck gladiātōris of gladiator petīvisse to have attacked

1.16 Trāditum handed down est is certāmen struggle crūdēle cruel diū for long continuāvisse to have continued et and spectātōrēs spectators attonitōs astonished fortitūdinem courage virī of man laudāvisse to have praised

1.17 Memoriae to memory prōditum handed down est is Claudium Claudius ultimīs with last vīribus strengths glōbum ball pīceum pitch-covered ardentem burning quem which sub under harēnā sand cēlāvisset had hidden prehendisse to have seized

1.18 Dīcitur it is said eum him flammās flames in into oculōs eyes leōnis of lion coniēcisse to have thrown et and dum while bēstia beast caeca blind et and confūsa confused rugīret was roaring gladium sword in into cor heart eius its dēfīxisse to have driven down

1.19 Auctōrēs authorities sunt are leōnem lion mortuum dead concidisse to have fallen et and Claudium Claudius victōrem victorious sed but graviter seriously saucium wounded stetisse to have stood dum while populus people clāmāret was shouting et and plauderet was applauding

1.20 Fāma rumor est is post after paucōs few diēs days Claudium Claudius vulneribus from wounds mortuum dead esse to be et and in in sepulcrētō cemetery Eborācī of York cum with honōre honor sepultum buried esse to be ubi where archaeologōs archaeologists post after multa many saecula centuries ossa bones eius his et and signa marks dentium of teeth leōnis of lion invēnisse to have found

Part B (Complete Latin Text)

1.1 Fāma est Claudium gladiātōrem fortissimum ex Siciliā in Britanniam missum esse ubi in Eborācō pugnātūrus esset.

1.2 Dīcitur lūdōs magnōs in hōnōrem imperātōris parātōs esse et multōs gladiātōrēs ex omnibus prōvinciīs convocātōs esse.

1.3 Memorant inter captīvōs quī in arēnā pugnāre dēbērent fuisse leōnem ingentem ex Āfricā nūper adductum.

1.4 Trāditur Claudium maximō cūrā sē exercuisse et cotīdiē corpus validum armīs gravibus firmāvisse.

1.5 Auctōrēs sunt multōs aliōs gladiātōrēs ex variīs terris vēnisse sīcut archaeologōs posterōs ex smaltō dentium in ossibus inventīs comprobāvisse.

1.6 Dīcitur diem certāminis tandem advēnisse et multitūdinem ingentem in amphitheātrō convēnisse.

1.7 Ferunt Claudium armātum galeā, loricā et gladiō brevī in arēnam prōgressum esse.

1.8 Narrātur subitō portās āltās apertās esse et leōnem terribilem rugientem prōsiluisse.

1.9 Memoriae prōditum est spectātōrēs clāmōre magnō bēstiam salūtāvisse sed Claudium immōbilem stetisse sē parantem.

1.10 Trāditum est leōnem celeriter circum arēnam cucurrisse praedam exspectantem et dentēs acutōs ostendentem.

1.11 Dīcunt Claudium cautē sē mōvisse memorem artium quās magister docuisset eum in lūdō gladiātōriō.

1.12 Memorant tandem leōnem magnō impetū prōsiluisse et Claudium petīvisse faucibus hiantibus.

1.13 Trāditur gladiātōrem celeriter sē flexisse sed bēstiam humerum eius graviter vulnerāvisse dentibus acūtīs.

1.14 Ferunt sanguine fluente Claudium fortiter restitisse et gladium in latus leōnis impulisse.

1.15 Narrātur bēstiam vulnerātam horribiliter rugientem iterum impetum fēcisse et collum gladiātōris petīvisse.

1.16 Trāditum est certāmen crūdēle diū continuāvisse et spectātōrēs attonitōs fortitūdinem virī laudāvisse.

1.17 Memoriae prōditum est Claudium ultimīs vīribus glōbum pīceum ardentem quem sub harēnā cēlāvisset prehendisse.

1.18 Dīcitur eum flammās in oculōs leōnis coniēcisse et dum bēstia caeca et confūsa rugīret gladium in cor eius dēfīxisse.

1.19 Auctōrēs sunt leōnem mortuum concidisse et Claudium victōrem sed graviter saucium stetisse dum populus clāmāret et plauderet.

1.20 Fāma est post paucōs diēs Claudium vulneribus mortuum esse et in sepulcrētō Eborācī cum honōre sepultum esse ubi archaeologōs post multa saecula ossa eius et signa dentium leōnis invēnisse.

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