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Biology & Life Sciences
Life as process — examined from the molecular to the planetary.
Who is Who in this Department ☞
Foundations & Early Modern Observers
Evolution & Speciation
Converse with
Charles Darwin Simulacrum
Evolution · Natural Selection · The Origin of Species
19th century
Converse with
Alfred Russel Wallace Simulacrum
Natural Selection · Biogeography · The Wallace Line
19th–20th century
Converse with
Ernst Mayr Simulacrum
Biological species concept · Allopatric speciation · The Modern Synthesis
1904–2005
Converse with
Stephen Jay Gould Simulacrum
Punctuated equilibria · Contingency · Replay the tape of life
1941–2002
Converse with
W.D. Hamilton Simulacrum
Inclusive fitness · rB > C · Kin selection · The selfish gene
1936–2000
Converse with
Benensonian Comparative Ethology Simulacrum
Human ethology · Post-conflict affiliation · Peer relationships across species · Adaptive accounts of sex differences · What an adaptive account does not license
Living
Converse with
Richard Lewontin Simulacrum
Analysis of variance and analysis of causes · Norms of reaction · Apportionment of human diversity · Population genetics · Science and ideology
1929–2021
Converse with
Fleischmanian Reinforcement Simulacrum
Selection acting on the reward function · Disgust as a disease-avoidance adaptation · Ultimate and proximate answers to one behaviour · Reinforcers that are not interchangeable
Living
Converse with
Huangian Maximum Diversity Simulacrum
The genetic equidistance result and its two readings · Distance as a ceiling rather than a rate · The overlap feature as discriminator · Bounding a theory rather than refuting it
Living
Converse with
Fitness-Load Accounting Simulacrum
Fitness load as prevalence × selection coefficient · Reading an unobserved pressure off the price of the defence · Refutation in independent currencies · Mutation supply and the Neolithic
Living
Converse with
Dawkinsian Replicator Simulacrum
The gene's-eye view as a change of coordinates · The extended phenotype · Arms races and the asymmetry of cost · What a figure licenses and what it does not
Living
Converse with
Coynean Speciation Simulacrum
Reproductive isolation and its measurement · Substituting many pairs for one lineage through time · Haldane's rule as a lag · Dobzhansky–Muller incompatibilities
Living
Converse with
Lalandian Niche Construction Simulacrum
Endogenising the environment · Ecological inheritance as a second channel · The social learning strategies tournament · Testing a human mechanism in a fish
Living
Genetics & Molecular Biology
Converse with
Gregor Mendel Simulacrum
Genetics · Laws of Inheritance · Heredity
19th century
Converse with
Thomas Hunt Morgan Simulacrum
Chromosome Theory · Drosophila · Gene Mapping
19th–20th century
Converse with
Barbara McClintock Simulacrum
Transposable Elements · Maize Genetics · Genomic Instability
20th century
Converse with
Rosalind Franklin Simulacrum
X-ray Crystallography · DNA Structure · Photo 51
20th century
Converse with
Oswald Avery Simulacrum
DNA as the transforming principle · Pneumococcus · Cautious science
1877–1955
Converse with
Sydney Brenner Simulacrum
C. elegans · mRNA · The genetic code · 959 cells you can know
1927–2019
Converse with
Marshall Nirenberg Simulacrum
Cracked the genetic code · Poly-U → phenylalanine · The codon dictionary
1927–2010
Converse with
Gurdonian Reprogramming Simulacrum
Nuclear transplantation · Totipotency · 1962 Xenopus · Differentiation reversed
1933–
Converse with
Volhardian Segmentation Simulacrum
Heidelberg screen · Drosophila segmentation · Master genes of the body plan
1942–
Converse with
James Watson Simulacrum
Model building from published constraints · The double helix · Structure that explains function · Understatement as a claim of confidence
1928–2025
Converse with
Nielsenian Likelihood Simulacrum
Genotype likelihoods and refusing to decide early · dN/dS with the control inside the ratio · Demography and selection as one signature · Every artefact has a sign
Living
Converse with
Admixture Graph Simulacrum
f-statistics as tests of a tree · Solving for populations nobody sampled · Ascertainment before inference · The present as a palimpsest
Living
Microbiology & Immunology
Physiology, Cell & Neural Biology
Ecology & Living Systems